American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 32, 580-592, Copyright © 1979 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Effects of some cereal brans and textured vegetable protein on plasma lipids

JM Munoz, HH Sandstead, RA Jacob, GM Logan Jr, SJ Reck, LM Klevay, FR Dintzis, GE Inglett and WC Shuey

The hypothesis that dietary fiber lowers serum cholesterol was tested in 10 healthy men, 19 to 54 years old, who ate a mixed diet similar to the diets of many American adult males, that contained 16% of calories as protein (70% from animal), 40% as fat (P/S = 0.3), 44% as carbohydrate (9% of calories as sucrose) and 3 g of crude fiber. The energy intake ranged from 2700 to 3500 kcal adjusted to their height and weight. Weight and fitness were held constant. After 30 days of equilibration on the basal diet, they ate 26 g of either soft white wheat bran, corn bran (CB), soybean hulls (SH), textured vegetable protein, or hard red spring wheat bran (HRS) for periods of 28 to 30 days each in no particular sequence. Each fiber was fed to four to six subjects. The dietary fiber contents of soft white wheat bran, CB, SH, and HRS were: 44, 92, 87, and 51%, respectively. Mean daily fecal weight increased (P less than or equal to 0.01) from 72.4 to 144, 68 to 128, and 81 to 151 g when CB, SH, and HRS were fed respectively. No effects were noted with soft white wheat bran or textured vegetable protein. Total plasma cholesterol decreased 12% with HRS (P less than or equal to 0.05) and 14.0% with SH (P less than or equal to 0.05). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased 21% with HRS (P less than or equal to 0.05). High density lipoprotein cholesterol did not change with any of the dietary fiber sources nor did the ratio of high density lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol. Some triglyceride lowering effect was seen with all sources of dietary fiber (P less than or equal to 0.01). There was a significant direct correlation between the area under the oral glucose tolerance curves and the levels of total cholesterol (r = 0.57, P less than or equal to 0.0001) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.49, P less than or equal to 0.0007), and between fasting plasma glucose and triglycerides (r = 0.32, P less than or equal to 0.03). Results were replicated when subjects were fed the same fiber source on two occasions at 2 to 4 month intervals.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. D Hunt and L. K Johnson Calcium requirements: new estimations for men and women by cross-sectional statistical analyses of calcium balance data from metabolic studies Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2007; 86(4): 1054 - 1063. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. D Hunt and L. K Johnson Magnesium requirements: new estimations for men and women by cross-sectional statistical analyses of metabolic magnesium balance data. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2006; 84(4): 843 - 852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J. A. Jenkins, C. W. C. Kendall, L. S. A. Augustin, M. C. Martini, M. Axelsen, D. Faulkner, E. Vidgen, T. Parker, H. Lau, P. W. Connelly, et al. Effect of Wheat Bran on Glycemic Control and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, September 1, 2002; 25(9): 1522 - 1528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. R. Jacobs Jr and L. M. Steffen Wheat Bran, Whole Grain, and Food Synergy Diabetes Care, September 1, 2002; 25(9): 1652 - 1653. [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J. Jenkins, C. W. Kendall, V. Vuksan, L. S. Augustin, C. Mehling, T. Parker, E. Vidgen, B. Lee, D. Faulkner, H. Seyler, et al. Effect of Wheat Bran on Serum Lipids: Influence of Particle Size and Wheat Protein J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 1999; 18(2): 159 - 165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Vuksan, D. J. Jenkins, E. Vidgen, T. P. Ransom, M. K Ng, C. T Culhane, and D. O'Connor A novel source of wheat fiber and protein: effects on fecal bulk and serum lipids Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 1999; 69(2): 226 - 230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. M. Cinciripini Changing Food Selections in a Public Cafeteria: An Applied Behavior Analysis Behav Modif, October 1, 1984; 8(4): 520 - 539. [Abstract]