American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 37, 763-767, Copyright © 1983 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

The effects of high and low energy density diets on satiety, energy intake, and eating time of obese and nonobese subjects

KH Duncan, JA Bacon and RL Weinsier

The concept of time-energy displacement is based on the hypothesis that unrefined complex carbohydrates of low energy density will prolong eating time and induce satiety at a low energy intake. The present study compared the effects of diets low in energy density and high in energy density on satiety, energy intake, and eating time among 20 obese and nonobese subjects. Each diet was served over a 5-day period, and subjects were allowed to eat to satiety. With equal acceptance ratings of the diets, satiety was reached on the diet low in energy density at a mean daily energy intake one-half that of the diet high in energy density (1570 versus 3000 kcal). Eating time was significantly longer on the diet low in energy density by an average of 33%/day. Obese and nonobese subjects were comparable in their satiety ratings, energy consumption, eating time, and food acceptance. These data support the concept of time-energy displacement, which should therefore have applicability to the treatment and prevention of obesity.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. L Deierlein, A. M. Siega-Riz, and A. Herring Dietary energy density but not glycemic load is associated with gestational weight gain Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2008; 88(3): 693 - 699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. A. Timm and J. L. Slavin Dietary Fiber and the Relationship to Chronic Diseases American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, June 1, 2008; 2(3): 233 - 240. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T. V. Kral, A. J Stunkard, R. I Berkowitz, V. A Stallings, D. D Brown, and M. S Faith Daily food intake in relation to dietary energy density in the free-living environment: a prospective analysis of children born at different risk of obesity Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2007; 86(1): 41 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A Ello-Martin, L. S Roe, J. H Ledikwe, A. M Beach, and B. J Rolls Dietary energy density in the treatment of obesity: a year-long trial comparing 2 weight-loss diets Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2007; 85(6): 1465 - 1477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H Ledikwe, H. M Blanck, L. Kettel Khan, M. K Serdula, J. D Seymour, B. C Tohill, and B. J Rolls Dietary energy density is associated with energy intake and weight status in US adults Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2006; 83(6): 1362 - 1368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. V. Kral, L. S Roe, and B. J Rolls Combined effects of energy density and portion size on energy intake in women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 962 - 968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. C Heimburger and D. B Allison In Memoriam Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2003; 77(3): 525 - 526. [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. J. Roy, M. M. Most, A. Sparti, J. C. Lovejoy, J. Volaufova, J. C. Peters, and G. A. Bray Effect on Body Weight of Replacing Dietary Fat with Olestra for Two or Ten Weeks in Healthy Men and Women J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2002; 21(3): 259 - 267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. D Poppitt, G. F Keogh, A. M Prentice, D. E. Williams, H. M. Sonnemans, E. E. Valk, E. Robinson, and N. J Wareham Long-term effects of ad libitum low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets on body weight and serum lipids in overweight subjects with metabolic syndrome Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2002; 75(1): 11 - 20. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. A Bell and B. J Rolls Energy density of foods affects energy intake across multiple levels of fat content in lean and obese women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2001; 73(6): 1010 - 1018. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J. Rolls The Role of Energy Density in the Overconsumption of Fat J. Nutr., February 1, 2000; 130(2): 268 - 268. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B. Burton-Freeman Dietary Fiber and Energy Regulation J. Nutr., February 1, 2000; 130(2): 272 - 272. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B. J Rolls, E. A Bell, and M. L Thorwart Water incorporated into a food but not served with a food decreases energy intake in lean women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 1999; 70(4): 448 - 455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Lester, G. Czarnecki-Maulden, and D. Lewis Cats increase fatty acid oxidation when isocalorically fed meat-based diets with increasing fat content Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 1999; 277(3): R878 - R886. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. B. Hunninghake, E. A. Stein, C. A. Dujovne, W. S. Harris, E. B. Feldman, V. T. Miller, J. A. Tobert, P. M. Laskarzewski, E. Quiter, J. Held, et al. The Efficacy of Intensive Dietary Therapy Alone or Combined with Lovastatin in Outpatients with Hypercholesterolemia N. Engl. J. Med., April 29, 1993; 328(17): 1213 - 1219. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. Tietyen Dietary Fiber in Foods: Options for Diabetes Education The Diabetes Educator, January 1, 1989; 15(6): 523 - 528. [PDF]

				P. N. Ainslie, K. Abbas, I. T. Campbell, K. N. Frayn, M. Harvie, M. A. Keegan, D. P. M. MacLaren, I. A. Macdonald, K. Paramesh, and T. Reilly Metabolic and appetite responses to prolonged walking under three isoenergetic diets J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2002; 92(5): 2061 - 2070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]