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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 44, 690-697, Copyright © 1986 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Breast-feeding, weaning patterns, and the risk of xerophthalmia in Southern Malawi

KP West Jr, M Chirambo, J Katz and A Sommer

A case-control study of breast-feeding and weaning patterns associated with xerophthalmia was conducted among children aged 24-71 mo in Southern Malawi in 1983. One hundred fifty-two children with active xerophthalmia were compared to 151 clinically normal children matched on age (+/- 12 mo), sex, and village of residence. All children were initially breast-fed; however, children with xerophthalmia began weaning onto porridge (p = 0.05) and ceased breast-feeding earlier (p less than 0.01 for 24-47 mo olds), had a shorter weaning interval (p less than 0.005), and were fully weaned from the breast for a longer duration (p less than 0.025) than the controls. The association between earlier cessation of breast-feeding and subsequent xerophthalmia was strongest during the immediate post-weaning years. These findings imply a protective role for breast-feeding against xerophthalmia in early childhood.


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