American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 52, 267-272, Copyright © 1990 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Metabolic response to glucose ingested with various amounts of protein

SA Westphal, MC Gannon and FQ Nuttall
Section of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417.

Seven healthy, normal-weight subjects were fed breakfasts of 50 g protein, 50 g glucose, and 10, 30, or 50 g protein plus 50 g glucose in random sequence. Plasma glucose, insulin, C peptide, glucagon, nonesterified fatty acids, and alpha-amino nitrogen were then measured from samples obtained over 4 h. The postmeal net area of each response curve was calculated. Ingestion of 50 g protein alone did not change the serum glucose concentration. The various amounts of protein ingested with 50 g glucose also did not alter the serum glucose response compared with that observed with 50 g glucose alone. Ingestion of the various amounts of protein also did not result in a further increase in insulin concentration when ingested with glucose, except with the 50-g-protein dose. This increase was modest. Ingestion of glucose resulted in a decrease in alpha-amino nitrogen and glucagon concentrations whereas ingestion of protein increased them as expected. Additions of progressively larger amounts of protein to the glucose meal resulted in a progressive increase in the alpha-amino-nitrogen- and glucagon-area responses. The relationship was curvilinear for both the alpha-amino-nitrogen response and the glucagon response. The null point, that is, the protein dose ingested with 50 g glucose at which there would be no change in area response, was estimated to be 9 g protein for alpha-amino nitrogen and 5 g protein for glucagon.

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