American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 52, 825-833, Copyright © 1990 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

A mixed Australian fish diet and fish-oil supplementation: impact on the plasma lipid profile of healthy men

AJ Brown, DC Roberts, JE Pritchard and AS Truswell
Department of Biochemistry, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Twelve healthy men were fed in turn three diets for 6 wk each in a 3 x 3 randomized block design: a control diet (essentially fish free), a fish diet (200 g lean Australian fish flesh/d), and the same fish-based meal but supplemented with 5 g fish oil/d. Dietary eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA, 20: 5n-3 (omega-3)] was strongly associated with erythrocyte membrane EPA (r = 0.908 at 6 wk), strengthening its value as a measure of compliance in fish and fish-oil feeding trials. On the fish diet, subjects had increased incorporation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at the expense of n-6 PUFAs in their erythrocyte membranes. When the fish-based diet was supplemented with fish oil (5 g/d), there was a significant lowering of plasma triacylglycerol (-0.16 +/- 0.24 mmol/L; mean +/- SD). No change in plasma total cholesterol was detected although the fish + oil diet produced a reduction in very-low- density-lipoprotein cholesterol (-0.24 +/- 0.26 mmol/L).

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