American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 53, 1443-1449, Copyright © 1991 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Determinants of increase in plasma concentration of beta-carotene after chronic oral supplementation. The Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group

DW Nierenberg, TA Stukel, JA Baron, BJ Dain and ER Greenberg
Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, NH.

We studied the relationship between eight variables, including age, sex, baseline plasma beta-carotene (BC) concentration, and smoking status and the increase in plasma BC in 582 subjects receiving oral supplementation with 50 mg BC/d. Median plasma BC concentrations after 1 y of supplementation increased from 335 nmol/L at entry to 3163 nmol/L. Changes in plasma BC concentrations ranged widely from -313 to 16,090 nmol/L (median 2721 nmol/L). Multivariate analysis revealed that the subject's plasma BC concentration before supplementation was the most important indicator of the amount of increase after supplementation. Nonsmokers, women, and leaner subjects all had larger increases in plasma concentrations although the statistical model could account for relatively little of the variability in subjects' plasma response to BC supplementation (R2 = 0.14). We conclude that between- subject variability in response to daily supplementation with oral BC is very large and that the best predictor of this response is the initial plasma BC concentration.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. Herbeth, S. Gueguen, P. Leroy, G. Siest, and S. Visvikis-Siest The Lipoprotein Lipase Serine 447 Stop Polymorphism Is Associated With Altered Serum Carotenoid Concentrations in the Stanislas Family Study J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 2007; 26(6): 655 - 662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Waters, R. M. Clark, C. M. Greene, J. H. Contois, and M. L. Fernandez Change in Plasma Lutein after Egg Consumption Is Positively Associated with Plasma Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Size but Negatively Correlated with Body Size in Postmenopausal Women J. Nutr., April 1, 2007; 137(4): 959 - 963. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. M. Clark, K. L. Herron, D. Waters, and M. L. Fernandez Hypo- and Hyperresponse to Egg Cholesterol Predicts Plasma Lutein and {beta}-Carotene Concentrations in Men and Women J. Nutr., March 1, 2006; 136(3): 601 - 607. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Z. Unlu, T. Bohn, S. K. Clinton, and S. J. Schwartz Carotenoid Absorption from Salad and Salsa by Humans Is Enhanced by the Addition of Avocado or Avocado Oil J. Nutr., March 1, 2005; 135(3): 431 - 436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Palozza, S. Serini, A. Torsello, F. Di Nicuolo, E. Piccioni, V. Ubaldi, C. Pioli, F. I. Wolf, and G. Calviello {beta}-Carotene Regulates NF-{kappa}B DNA-Binding Activity by a Redox Mechanism in Human Leukemia and Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells J. Nutr., February 1, 2003; 133(2): 381 - 388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Palozza, S. Serini, N. Maggiano, M. Angelini, A. Boninsegna, F. Di Nicuolo, F. O. Ranelletti, and G. Calviello Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines by {beta}-carotene through down-regulation of cyclin A and Bcl-2 family proteins Carcinogenesis, January 1, 2002; 23(1): 11 - 18. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. N. Ncube, T. Greiner, L. C. Malaba, and M. Gebre-Medhin Supplementing Lactating Women with Pureed Papaya and Grated Carrots Improved Vitamin A Status in a Placebo-Controlled Trial J. Nutr., May 1, 2001; 131(5): 1497 - 1502. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. Prakash, R. M. Russell, and N. I. Krinsky In Vitro Inhibition of Proliferation of Estrogen-Dependent and Estrogen-Independent Human Breast Cancer Cells Treated with Carotenoids or Retinoids J. Nutr., May 1, 2001; 131(5): 1574 - 1580. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y. Lin, S. R Dueker, B. J Burri, T. R Neidlinger, and A. J Clifford Variability of the conversion of {beta}-carotene to vitamin A in women measured by using a double-tracer study design Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2000; 71(6): 1545 - 1554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C.-j. Huang, Y.-L. Tang, C.-Y. Chen, M.-L. Chen, C.-H. Chu, and C.-T. Hseu The Bioavailability of {beta}-Carotene in Stir- or Deep-Fried Vegetables in Men Determined by Measuring the Serum Response to a Single Ingestion J. Nutr., March 1, 2000; 130(3): 534 - 540. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. J. McEligot, C. L. Rock, S. W. Flatt, V. Newman, S. Faerber, and J. P. Pierce Plasma Carotenoids Are Biomarkers of Long-Term High Vegetable Intake in Women with Breast Cancer J. Nutr., December 1, 1999; 129(12): 2258 - 2263. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				L. A. Herraiz, W.-C. Hsieh, R. S. Parker, J. E. Swanson, A. Bendich, and D. A. Roe Effect of UV Exposure and {beta}-Carotene Supplementation on Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Response in Healthy Older Men J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 1998; 17(6): 617 - 624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Borel, P. Grolier, N. Mekki, Y. Boirie, Y. Rochette, B. Le Roy, M. C. Alexandre-Gouabau, D. Lairon, and V. Azais-Braesco Low and high responders to pharmacological doses of ß-carotene: proportion in the population, mechanisms involved and consequences on ß-carotene metabolism J. Lipid Res., November 1, 1998; 39(11): 2250 - 2260. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. Borel, V. Tyssandier, N. Mekki, P. Grolier, Y. Rochette,, M. C. Alexandre-Gouabau, D. Lairon, and V. Azaïs-Braesco Chylomicron beta -Carotene and Retinyl Palmitate Responses Are Dramatically Diminished When Men Ingest beta -Carotene with Medium-Chain Rather than Long-Chain Triglycerides J. Nutr., August 1, 1998; 128(8): 1361 - 1367. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. A. Mares-Perlman, W. E. Brady, R. Klein, B. E. K. Klein, P. Bowen, M. Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, and M. Palta Serum Antioxidants and Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Population-Based Case-Control Study Arch Ophthalmol, December 1, 1995; 113(12): 1518 - 1523. [Abstract] [PDF]