American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 56, 247S-248S, Copyright © 1992 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Weight loss by very-low-calorie diets: effects on substrate oxidation, energy expenditure, and insulin sensitivity in obese subjects

A Franssila-Kallunki, A Rissanen, A Ekstrand, A Ollus and L Groop
Fourth Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.

Weight reduction improves glucose utilization, but it is not known whether this occurs primarily through the oxidative or nonoxidative pathways of glucose metabolism. We studied this question in 12 obese subjects [whose body mass index (BMI) was 33.4 +/- 1.1 kg/m2)] before and after 6 wk on a very-low-calorie diet of 1680 kJ/d with the euglycemic insulin clamp technique in combination with indirect calorimetry. The mean body weight decreased from 105.3 +/- 4.6 to 94.1 +/- 4.0 kg (P less than 0.001). This was mainly due to a reduction in fat mass from 47.2 +/- 3.6 to 37.7 +/- 3.0 kg (P less than 0.001), whereas lean body mass decreased only slightly (from 58.0 +/- 2.0 to 56.4 +/- 1.8 kg). The basal energy expenditure decreased with weight loss by 10.7%. This was associated with a reduced rate of lipid oxidation (P less than 0.05). Weight loss increased glucose utilization by 26%, primarily by enhancing insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation (P less than 0.05), whereas the effect on nonoxidative glucose metabolism was less pronounced (P greater than 0.05). Substantial weight loss increases glucose utilization by enhancing glucose oxidation.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Balasubramanyam, D. Hinnen, and W. Polonsky Cardiovascular Event Prevention in the Person With Type 2 Diabetes: Case Examples for Identifying and Treating Multiple Risks The Diabetes Educator, July 1, 2006; 32(Supplement_5): 163S - 173S. [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. E. Larson-Meyer, L. K. Heilbronn, L. M. Redman, B. R. Newcomer, M. I. Frisard, S. Anton, S. R. Smith, A. Alfonso, E. Ravussin, and the Pennington CALERIE Team Effect of Calorie Restriction With or Without Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity, {beta}-Cell Function, Fat Cell Size, and Ectopic Lipid in Overweight Subjects. Diabetes Care, June 1, 2006; 29(6): 1337 - 1344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. S. MacLean, J. A. Higgins, G. C. Johnson, B. K. Fleming-Elder, J. C. Peters, and J. O. Hill Metabolic adjustments with the development, treatment, and recurrence of obesity in obesity-prone rats Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): R288 - R297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. P. van Aggel-Leijssen, W. H. Saris, G. B Hul, and M. A van Baak Short-term effects of weight loss with or without low-intensity exercise training on fat metabolism in obese men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2001; 73(3): 523 - 531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]