American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 56, 511-516, Copyright © 1992 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Effects of dietary cholesterol, type of fat, and sex on bile lipid composition of adult baboons

GE Mott, EM Jackson and CA McMahan
Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7750.

We measured the effects of dietary cholesterol (0.24 vs 0.0024 mg/kJ), type of dietary fat [saturated, a ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P:S) of 0.37, vs unsaturated (P:S of 2.2)], and sex on biliary lipid and bile acid conjugate composition of 80 adult pedigreed baboons. From these data we calculated the bile cholesterol saturation index and the bile acid hydrophobicity index. Dietary cholesterol significantly increased the bile cholesterol concentration by 25% and the bile cholesterol saturation index by 15%, but did not significantly affect the bile acid conjugate composition or the bile acid hydrophobicity index. Diets high in saturated fatty acid compared with unsaturated fatty acid significantly decreased the bile cholesterol concentrations by 26% and the saturation index by 23%. Saturated fatty acid also decreased the proportion of hydrophobic bile acids and lowered the bile hydrophobicity index. Male baboons had a higher cholesterol saturation index and a lower hydrophobicity index than females. Dietary cholesterol and saturated fatty acid independently influence the bile lipid composition and the cholesterol saturation index.

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