Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats

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Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats

PL McLennan
Cardiac Research Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Adelaide, Australia.

This study compared monounsaturated oleic acid with n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for their ability to modify the vulnerability to cardiac arrhythmias during ischemia or reperfusion in rats. Replacement of saturated animal fat in the diet with oleic acid- rich olive oil did not significantly alter the incidence of ventricular fibrillation or other cardiac arrhythmias. Replacement with either n-6- rich sunflower seed oil or n-3-rich fish oil reduced the incidence and severity of arrhythmias occurring in ischemia. The fish oil significantly reduced reperfusion arrhythmias independently of antecedent ischemic arrhythmias. Fatal ventricular fibrillation was significantly reduced by n-6 (8%; n = 25) and n-3 (0%; n = 24) PUFA but not by monounsaturates (36%; n = 25) compared with saturated fat (42%; n = 24). The results suggest that dietary replacement of saturated fats by n-6 and especially n-3 PUFA but not monounsaturated fatty acids can reduce the likelihood of an ischemic event leading to sudden cardiac death.

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				I. A. Brouwer, P. L. Zock, A. J. Camm, D. Bocker, R. N. W. Hauer, E. F. D. Wever, C. Dullemeijer, J. E. Ronden, M. B. Katan, A. Lubinski, et al. Effect of fish oil on ventricular tachyarrhythmia and death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: the Study on Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Ventricular Arrhythmia (SOFA) randomized trial. JAMA, June 14, 2006; 295(22): 2613 - 2619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				A. O. Verkerk, A. C.G. van Ginneken, G. Berecki, H. M. den Ruijter, C. A. Schumacher, M. W. Veldkamp, A. Baartscheer, S. Casini, T. Opthof, R. Hovenier, et al. Incorporated sarcolemmal fish oil fatty acids shorten pig ventricular action potentials Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 2006; 70(3): 509 - 520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Leaf, C. M. Albert, M. Josephson, D. Steinhaus, J. Kluger, J. X. Kang, B. Cox, H. Zhang, D. Schoenfeld, and for the Fatty Acid Antiarrhythmia Trial Investigat Prevention of Fatal Arrhythmias in High-Risk Subjects by Fish Oil n-3 Fatty Acid Intake Circulation, November 1, 2005; 112(18): 2762 - 2768. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Calo, L. Bianconi, F. Colivicchi, F. Lamberti, M. L. Loricchio, E. de Ruvo, A. Meo, C. Pandozi, M. Staibano, and M. Santini N-3 Fatty Acids for the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 17, 2005; 45(10): 1723 - 1728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. S. Harris, S. A. Sands, S. L. Windsor, H. A. Ali, T. L. Stevens, A. Magalski, C. B. Porter, and A. M. Borkon Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cardiac Biopsies From Heart Transplantation Patients: Correlation With Erythrocytes and Response to Supplementation Circulation, September 21, 2004; 110(12): 1645 - 1649. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				D. W. Nilsen, G. Albrektsen, K. Landmark, S. Moen, T. Aarsland, and L. Woie Effects of a high-dose concentrate of n-3 fatty acids or corn oil introduced early after an acute myocardial infarction on serum triacylglycerol and HDL cholesterol Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2001; 74(1): 50 - 56. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats

				A.P. Simopoulos Evolutionary aspects of diet, essential fatty acids and cardiovascular disease Eur. Heart J. Suppl., June 1, 2001; 3(suppl_D): D8 - D21. [Abstract] [PDF]

				E.M. Berry Are diets high in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids unhealthy? Eur. Heart J. Suppl., June 1, 2001; 3(suppl_D): D37 - D41. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Marchioli Treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after myocardial infarction: results of GISSI-prevenzione trial Eur. Heart J. Suppl., June 1, 2001; 3(suppl_D): D85 - D97. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y.-F. Xiao, S. N. Wright, G. K. Wang, J. P. Morgan, and A. Leaf Coexpression with beta 1-subunit modifies the kinetics and fatty acid block of hH1alpha Na+ channels Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2000; 279(1): H35 - H46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Marchioli, F. Valagussa, and On Behalf of GISSI-Prevenzione investigators The results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial in the general framework of secondary prevention Eur. Heart J., June 2, 2000; 21(12): 949 - 952. [PDF]

				J. X Kang and A. Leaf Prevention of fatal cardiac arrhythmias by polyunsaturated fatty acids Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2000; 71(1): 202S - 207S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. P Simopoulos Essential fatty acids in health and chronic disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 1999; 70(3): 560S - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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