American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 59, 350-355, Copyright © 1994 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Obesity as an adaptation to a high-fat diet: evidence from a cross- sectional study

A Astrup, B Buemann, P Western, S Toubro, A Raben and NJ Christensen
Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Expansion of the fat stores has been proposed as a prerequisite for increasing fat oxidation in response to a high-fat diet in individuals with a predisposition to obesity. In a cross-sectional design we measured 24-h substrate oxidations on a standardized diet in 38 overweight or obese and 35 nonobese women. Fat oxidation (g/d) was mainly a function of total energy requirements (r = 0.71, P < 0.0001). To account for this we used for further analysis oxidative fat energy (%), a counterpart to dietary fat energy (%). After differences in fat energy of consumed food (%), age, and 24-h energy balance were adjusted for, obese women had higher oxidative fat energy than did nonobese women [40.2% (37.8-42.6) vs 36.0% (33.6-38.5), P < 0.02]. Adjusted oxidative fat energy (%) increased with increasing size of fat mass (r = 0.31, P < 0.01). This relation suggests that a 10-kg change in fat mass may be caused by a change in dietary fat energy of > or = 1.6% (0.4-2.7%). The study supports the concept that in susceptible individuals the expansion of fat stores is a prerequisite to increase the oxidative fat energy to an amount commensurate with a high percentage of dietary fat energy.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Legendre and R. B. S. Harris Exaggerated response to mild stress in rats fed high-fat diet Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2006; 291(5): R1288 - 1294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Ishihara, A. Kanatani, S. Mashiko, T. Tanaka, M. Hidaka, A. Gomori, H. Iwaasa, N. Murai, S.-i. Egashira, T. Murai, et al. A neuropeptide Y Y5 antagonist selectively ameliorates body weight gain and associated parameters in diet-induced obese mice PNAS, May 2, 2006; 103(18): 7154 - 7158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. E. Blaak, G. Hul, C. Verdich, V. Stich, A. Martinez, M. Petersen, E. F. M. Feskens, K. Patel, J. M. Oppert, P. Barbe, et al. Fat Oxidation before and after a High Fat Load in the Obese Insulin-Resistant State J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2006; 91(4): 1462 - 1469. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. J. Clegg, S. C. Benoit, E. L. Air, A. Jackman, P. Tso, D. D'Alessio, S. C. Woods, and R. J. Seeley Increased Dietary Fat Attenuates the Anorexic Effects of Intracerebroventricular Injections of MTII Endocrinology, July 1, 2003; 144(7): 2941 - 2946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. C. Woods, R. J. Seeley, P. A. Rushing, D. D'Alessio, and P. Tso A Controlled High-Fat Diet Induces an Obese Syndrome in Rats J. Nutr., April 1, 2003; 133(4): 1081 - 1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. K. Roberts, J. J. Berger, and R. J. Barnard Long-term effects of diet on leptin, energy intake, and activity in a model of diet-induced obesity J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2002; 93(3): 887 - 893. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L.-K. Han, Y.-N. Zheng, B.-J. Xu, H. Okuda, and Y. Kimura Saponins from Platycodi Radix Ameliorate High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2241 - 2245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Y Shepard, K. M Weil, T. A Sharp, G. K Grunwald, M. L Bell, J. O Hill, and R. H Eckel Occasional physical inactivity combined with a high-fat diet may be important in the development and maintenance of obesity in human subjects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2001; 73(4): 703 - 708. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Doucet, S. St. Pierre, N. Alméras, P. Mauriège, D. Richard, and A. Tremblay Changes in Energy Expenditure and Substrate Oxidation Resulting from Weight Loss in Obese Men and Women: Is There an Important Contribution of Leptin? J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2000; 85(4): 1550 - 1556. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. J. Berger and R. J. Barnard Effect of diet on fat cell size and hormone-sensitive lipase activity J Appl Physiol, July 1, 1999; 87(1): 227 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. I Goran and B. A Gower Relation between visceral fat and disease risk in children and adolescents Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 1999; 70 (1): 149S - 156S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Toubro, T. I. A. Sørensen, C. Hindsberger, N. J. Christensen, and A. Astrup Twenty-Four-Hour Respiratory Quotient: The Role of Diet and Familial Resemblance J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1998; 83(8): 2758 - 2764. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. Schrauwen, W. D. V. M. Lichtenbelt, W. H. M. Saris, and K. R. Westerterp Fat balance in obese subjects: role of glycogen stores Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 1998; 274(6): E1027 - E1033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. W. Schwartz and J. D. Brunzell Regulation of Body Adiposity and the Problem of Obesity Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., February 1, 1997; 17(2): 233 - 238. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Collins, K. W. Daniel, A. E. Petro, and R. S. Surwit Strain-Specific Response to {beta}3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Treatment of Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice Endocrinology, January 1, 1997; 138(1): 405 - 413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Collins and R. S. Surwit Pharmacologic Manipulation of ob Expression in a Dietary Model of Obesity J. Biol. Chem., April 19, 1996; 271(16): 9437 - 9440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]