American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 60, 312-319, Copyright © 1994 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Acute thermogenic effects of nicotine combined with caffeine during light physical activity in male and female smokers

KA Perkins, JE Sexton, LH Epstein, A DiMarco, C Fonte, RL Stiller, A Scierka and RG Jacob
Department of Psychiatry and Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213.

The thermogenic effects of nicotine and caffeine during physical activity compared with rest were examined in male and female smokers (n = 10 each). During eight sessions, nicotine (15 micrograms/kg) or placebo was given via measured-dose nasal spray intermittently after consumption of decaffeinated coffee with or without added caffeine (5 mg/kg), followed by assessment of energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry while subjects engaged in standardized, low-intensity cycle ergometer riding (activity) or remained at quiet rest. Results indicated significant thermogenic effects of nicotine and caffeine individually, with the combination of nicotine and caffeine producing additive effects. Expenditure attributable to nicotine, caffeine, or their combination was significantly enhanced during activity compared with rest, but only for males and not females. Plasma nicotine concentrations were influenced by activity and caffeine, but these pharmacokinetic changes did not appear to explain the differences in expenditure. These findings suggest a sex difference in thermogenic effects of nicotine and caffeine during casual physical activity and potentially explain some of the apparent individual variability in expenditure due to tobacco smoking.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Sneve and R. Jorde Cross-sectional study on the relationship between body mass index and smoking, and longitudinal changes in body mass index in relation to change in smoking status: The Tromso Study Scand J Public Health, June 1, 2008; 36(4): 397 - 407. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Chiolero, D. Faeh, F. Paccaud, and J. Cornuz Consequences of smoking for body weight, body fat distribution, and insulin resistance Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2008; 87(4): 801 - 809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Mougios, S. Ring, A. Petridou, and M. G. Nikolaidis Duration of coffee- and exercise-induced changes in the fatty acid profile of human serum J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2003; 94(2): 476 - 484. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. C Desport, P. M Preux, L. Magy, Y. Boirie, J. M Vallat, and B. Beaufrere Factors correlated with hypermetabolism in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2001; 74(3): 328 - 334. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B. B. Fredholm, K. Battig, J. Holmen, A. Nehlig, and E. E. Zvartau Actions of Caffeine in the Brain with Special Reference to Factors That Contribute to Its Widespread Use Pharmacol. Rev., March 1, 1999; 51(1): 83 - 133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]