|
|
||||||||
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 60, 333-340, Copyright © 1994 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc
ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS |
A Cassidy, S Bingham and KD Setchell
Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge, UK.
The influence of a diet containing soy protein on the hormonal status and regulation of the menstrual cycle was examined in six premenopausal women with regular ovulatory cycles. Soy protein (60 g containing 45 mg isoflavones) given daily for 1 mo significantly (P < 0.01) increased follicular phase length and/or delayed menstruation. Midcycle surges of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were significantly suppressed during dietary intervention with soy protein. Plasma estradiol concentrations increased in the follicular phase and cholesterol concentrations decreased 9.6%. Similar responses occur with tamoxifen, an antiestrogen undergoing clinical trial as a prophylactic agent in women at high risk for breast cancer. These effects are presumed to be due to nonsteroidal estrogens of the isoflavone class, which behave as partial estrogen agonists/antagonists. The responses to soy protein are potentially beneficial with respect to risk factors for breast cancer and may in part explain the low incidence of breast cancer and its correlation with a high soy intake in Japanese and Chinese women.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
Herbal medicines for menopausal symptoms Evid. Based Nurs., February 1, 2010; 13(1): 29 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
X. O. Shu, Y. Zheng, H. Cai, K. Gu, Z. Chen, W. Zheng, and W. Lu Soy Food Intake and Breast Cancer Survival JAMA, December 9, 2009; 302(22): 2437 - 2443. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. J. Fuhrman, R. Pfeiffer, X. Xu, A. H. Wu, L. Korde, M. H. Gail, L. K. Keefer, T. D. Veenstra, R. N. Hoover, and R. G. Ziegler Soy Intake is Associated with Increased 2-Hydroxylation and Decreased 16{alpha}-Hydroxylation of Estrogens in Asian-American Women Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2009; 18(10): 2751 - 2760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Hooper, J.J. Ryder, M.S. Kurzer, J.W. Lampe, M.J. Messina, W.R. Phipps, and A. Cassidy Effects of soy protein and isoflavones on circulating hormone concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis Hum. Reprod. Update, July 1, 2009; 15(4): 423 - 440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S.-A. Lee, X.-O. Shu, H. Li, G. Yang, H. Cai, W. Wen, B.-T. Ji, J. Gao, Y.-T. Gao, and W. Zheng Adolescent and adult soy food intake and breast cancer risk: results from the Shanghai Women's Health Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2009; 89(6): 1920 - 1926. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Herbal medicines for menopausal symptoms DTB, January 1, 2009; 47(1): 2 - 6. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Brink, V. Coxam, S. Robins, K. Wahala, A. Cassidy, F. Branca, and on behalf of the PHYTOS Investigators Long-term consumption of isoflavone-enriched foods does not affect bone mineral density, bone metabolism, or hormonal status in early postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2008; 87(3): 761 - 770. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J.-W. Xu, N. Yasui, K. Ikeda, W.-J. Pan, J. Watanabe, M. Shiotani, A. Yanaihara, T. Miki, and Y. Yamori Isoflavones regulate secretion of leukemia inhibitory factor and transforming growth factor {beta} and expression of glycodelin in human endometrial epithelial cells J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2008; 196(2): 425 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Lehmann, L. Jiang, and J. Wagner Soy isoflavones decrease the catechol-O-methyltransferase-mediated inactivation of 4-hydroxyestradiol in cultured MCF-7 cells Carcinogenesis, February 1, 2008; 29(2): 363 - 370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Caserta, L. Maranghi, A. Mantovani, R. Marci, F. Maranghi, and M. Moscarini Impact of endocrine disruptor chemicals in gynaecology Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2008; 14(1): 59 - 72. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Piazza, M. G. Privitera, B. Melilli, T. Incognito, M. R. Marano, G. M. Leggio, M. A. Roxas, and F. Drago Influence of inulin on plasma isoflavone concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2007; 86(3): 775 - 780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Padilla-Banks, W. N. Jefferson, and R. R. Newbold Neonatal Exposure to the Phytoestrogen Genistein Alters Mammary Gland Growth and Developmental Programming of Hormone Receptor Levels Endocrinology, October 1, 2006; 147(10): 4871 - 4882. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. V. Henley and K. S. Korach Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Use Distinct Mechanisms of Action to Modulate Endocrine System Function Endocrinology, June 1, 2006; 147(6): s25 - s32. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Reimann, J. Dierkes, A. Carlsohn, D. Talbot, M. Ferrari, J. Hallund, W. L. Hall, K. Vafeiadou, U. Huebner, F. Branca, et al. Consumption of Soy Isoflavones Does Not Affect Plasma Total Homocysteine or Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Concentrations in Healthy Postmenopausal Women J. Nutr., January 1, 2006; 136(1): 100 - 105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. K. Melby, M. Lock, and P. Kaufert Culture and symptom reporting at menopause Hum. Reprod. Update, September 1, 2005; 11(5): 495 - 512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Atkinson, C. L. Frankenfeld, and J. W. Lampe Gut Bacterial Metabolism of the Soy Isoflavone Daidzein: Exploring the Relevance to Human Health Exp Biol Med, March 1, 2005; 230(3): 155 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. F. Skibola, J. D. Curry, C. VandeVoort, A. Conley, and M. T. Smith Brown Kelp Modulates Endocrine Hormones in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats and in Human Luteinized Granulosa Cells J. Nutr., February 1, 2005; 135(2): 296 - 300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. I Mennen, R. Walker, C. Bennetau-Pelissero, and A. Scalbert Risks and safety of polyphenol consumption Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2005; 81(1): 326S - 329S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A.-C. Chen and S. M. Donovan Genistein at a Concentration Present in Soy Infant Formula Inhibits Caco-2BBe Cell Proliferation by Causing G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest J. Nutr., June 1, 2004; 134(6): 1303 - 1308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Manach, A. Scalbert, C. Morand, C. Remesy, and L. Jimenez Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2004; 79(5): 727 - 747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Atkinson, S. Berman, O. Humbert, and J. W. Lampe In Vitro Incubation of Human Feces with Daidzein and Antibiotics Suggests Interindividual Differences in the Bacteria Responsible for Equol Production J. Nutr., March 1, 2004; 134(3): 596 - 599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. L. Smith, S. Pruthi, and L. A. Fitzpatrick Evaluation and Management of Breast Pain Mayo Clin. Proc., March 1, 2004; 79(3): 353 - 372. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Lin, G. W. Meijer, M. A. Vermeer, and E. A. Trautwein Soy Protein Enhances the Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Plant Sterol Esters in Cholesterol-Fed Hamsters J. Nutr., January 1, 2004; 134(1): 143 - 148. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Fanti, T. J. Stephenson, I. M. Kaariainen, B. Rezkalla, Y. Tsukamoto, T. Morishita, M. Nomura, C. Kitiyakara, L. J. Custer, and A. A. Franke Serum isoflavones and soya food intake in Japanese, Thai and American end-stage renal disease patients on chronic haemodialysis Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2003; 18(9): 1862 - 1868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. Setchell and E. Lydeking-Olsen Dietary phytoestrogens and their effect on bone: evidence from in vitro and in vivo, human observational, and dietary intervention studies Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2003; 78(3): 593S - 609. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Yamamoto, T. Sobue, M. Kobayashi, S. Sasaki, and S. Tsugane Soy, Isoflavones, and Breast Cancer Risk in Japan J Natl Cancer Inst, June 18, 2003; 95(12): 906 - 913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. R. Setchell, N. M. Brown, P. B. Desai, L. Zimmer-Nechimias, B. Wolfe, A. S. Jakate, V. Creutzinger, and J. E. Heubi Bioavailability, Disposition, and Dose-Response Effects of Soy Isoflavones When Consumed by Healthy Women at Physiologically Typical Dietary Intakes J. Nutr., April 1, 2003; 133(4): 1027 - 1035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. Setchell, M. S Faughnan, T. Avades, L. Zimmer-Nechemias, N. M Brown, B. E Wolfe, W. T Brashear, P. Desai, M. F Oldfield, N. P Botting, et al. Comparing the pharmacokinetics of daidzein and genistein with the use of 13C-labeled tracers in premenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2003; 77(2): 411 - 419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. R. Setchell, N. M. Brown, and E. Lydeking-Olsen The Clinical Importance of the Metabolite Equol--A Clue to the Effectiveness of Soy and Its Isoflavones J. Nutr., December 1, 2002; 132(12): 3577 - 3584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. J. Jenkins, C. W. Kendall, C.-J. C Jackson, P. W Connelly, T. Parker, D. Faulkner, E. Vidgen, S. C Cunnane, L. A Leiter, and R. G Josse Effects of high- and low-isoflavone soyfoods on blood lipids, oxidized LDL, homocysteine, and blood pressure in hyperlipidemic men and women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2002; 76(2): 365 - 372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. A. Mendez, M. S. Anthony, and L. Arab Soy-Based Formulae and Infant Growth and Development: A Review J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2127 - 2130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. W. Jakes, S. W. Duffy, F.-C. Ng, F. Gao, E.-H. Ng, A. Seow, H.-P. Lee, and M. C. Yu Mammographic Parenchymal Patterns and Self-reported Soy Intake in Singapore Chinese Women Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2002; 11(7): 608 - 613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J L Burton and M Wells The effect of phytoestrogens on the female genital tract J. Clin. Pathol., June 1, 2002; 55(6): 401 - 407. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Nicholls, B. L. Lasley, S. T. Nakajima, K. D. R. Setchell, and B. O. Schneeman Effects of Soy Consumption on Gonadotropin Secretion and Acute Pituitary Responses to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Women J. Nutr., April 1, 2002; 132(4): 708 - 714. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. L. Van Patten, I. A. Olivotto, G. K. Chambers, K. A. Gelmon, T. G. Hislop, E. Templeton, A. Wattie, and J. C. Prior Effect of Soy Phytoestrogens on Hot Flashes in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial J. Clin. Oncol., March 15, 2002; 20(6): 1449 - 1455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. S. Kurzer Hormonal Effects of Soy in Premenopausal Women and Men J. Nutr., March 1, 2002; 132(3): 570S - 573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. E. Hale, C. L. Hughes, and J. M. Cline Endometrial Cancer: Hormonal Factors, the Perimenopausal ""Window of Risk,"" and Isoflavones J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2002; 87(1): 3 - 15. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
V. W Persky, M. E Turyk, L. Wang, S. Freels, R. Chatterton Jr, S. Barnes, J. Erdman Jr, D. W Sepkovic, H L. Bradlow, and S. Potter Effect of soy protein on endogenous hormones in postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2002; 75(1): 145 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. H. Ju, C. D. Allred, K. F. Allred, K. L. Karko, D. R. Doerge, and W. G. Helferich Physiological Concentrations of Dietary Genistein Dose-Dependently Stimulate Growth of Estrogen-Dependent Human Breast Cancer (MCF-7) Tumors Implanted in Athymic Nude Mice J. Nutr., November 1, 2001; 131(11): 2957 - 2962. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. J. Messina and C. L. Loprinzi Soy for Breast Cancer Survivors: A Critical Review of the Literature J. Nutr., November 1, 2001; 131(11): 3095S - 3108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. D. Allred, Y. H. Ju, K. F. Allred, J. Chang, and W. G. Helferich Dietary genistin stimulates growth of estrogen-dependent breast cancer tumors similar to that observed with genistein Carcinogenesis, October 1, 2001; 22(10): 1667 - 1673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. R. Setchell Soy Isoflavones--Benefits and Risks from Nature's Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) J. Am. Coll. Nutr., October 1, 2001; 20(90005): 354S - 362. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
B. L. Strom, R. Schinnar, E. E. Ziegler, K. T. Barnhart, M. D. Sammel, G. A. Macones, V. A. Stallings, J. M. Drulis, S. E. Nelson, and S. A. Hanson Exposure to Soy-Based Formula in Infancy and Endocrinological and Reproductive Outcomes in Young Adulthood JAMA, August 15, 2001; 286(7): 807 - 814. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Bayer, T. Colnot, and W. Dekant Disposition and Biotransformation of the Estrogenic Isoflavone Daidzein in Rats Toxicol. Sci., August 1, 2001; 62(2): 205 - 211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L.-J. W. Lu, K. E. Anderson, J. J. Grady, and M. Nagamani Effects of an Isoflavone-Free Soy Diet on Ovarian Hormones in Premenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2001; 86(7): 3045 - 3052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. D. Allred, K. F. Allred, Y. H. Ju, S. M. Virant, and W. G. Helferich Soy Diets Containing Varying Amounts of Genistein Stimulate Growth of Estrogen-dependent (MCF-7) Tumors in a Dose-dependent Manner Cancer Res., July 1, 2001; 61(13): 5045 - 5050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. G. Glazier and M. A. Bowman A Review of the Evidence for the Use of Phytoestrogens as a Replacement for Traditional Estrogen Replacement Therapy Arch Intern Med, May 14, 2001; 161(9): 1161 - 1172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. M. Badger, M. J. J. Ronis, and R. Hakkak Developmental Effects and Health Aspects of Soy Protein Isolate, Casein, and Whey in Male and Female Rats International Journal of Toxicology, May 1, 2001; 20(3): 165 - 174. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Diel, K. Smolnikar, T. Schulz, U. Laudenbach-Leschowski, H. Michna, and G. Vollmer Phytoestrogens and carcinogenesis--differential effects of genistein in experimental models of normal and malignant rat endometrium Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2001; 16(5): 997 - 1006. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. R. Setchell, N. M. Brown, P. Desai, L. Zimmer-Nechemias, B. E. Wolfe, W. T. Brashear, A. S. Kirschner, A. Cassidy, and J. E. Heubi Bioavailability of Pure Isoflavones in Healthy Humans and Analysis of Commercial Soy Isoflavone Supplements J. Nutr., April 1, 2001; 131(4): 1362S - 1375. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
I. d. Tonkelaar, L. Keinan-Boker, P. Van't Veer, C. J. M. Arts, H. Adlercreutz, J. H. H. Thijssen, and P. H. M. Peeters Urinary Phytoestrogens and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., March 1, 2001; 10(3): 223 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
C. McGarvey, P. S. Cates, A. N. Brooks, I. A. Swanson, S. R. Milligan, C. W. Coen, and K. T. O'Byrne Phytoestrogens and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Generator Activity and Pituitary Luteinizing Hormone Release in the Rat Endocrinology, March 1, 2001; 142(3): 1202 - 1208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. Berrino, C. Bellati, G. Secreto, E. Camerini, V. Pala, S. Panico, G. Allegro, and R. Kaaks Reducing Bioavailable Sex Hormones through a Comprehensive Change in Diet: the Diet and Androgens (DIANA) Randomized Trial Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2001; 10(1): 25 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
E. Middleton Jr., C. Kandaswami, and T. C. Theoharides The Effects of Plant Flavonoids on Mammalian Cells:Implications for Inflammation, Heart Disease, and Cancer Pharmacol. Rev., December 1, 2000; 52(4): 673 - 751. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Tamir, M. Eizenberg, D. Somjen, N. Stern, R. Shelach, A. Kaye, and J. Vaya Estrogenic and Antiproliferative Properties of Glabridin from Licorice in Human Breast Cancer Cells Cancer Res., October 1, 2000; 60(20): 5704 - 5709. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
L.-J. W. Lu, K. E. Anderson, J. J. Grady, F. Kohen, and M. Nagamani Decreased Ovarian Hormones during a Soya Diet: Implications for Breast Cancer Prevention Cancer Res., August 1, 2000; 60(15): 4112 - 4121. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
A. Scalbert and G. Williamson Dietary Intake and Bioavailability of Polyphenols J. Nutr., August 1, 2000; 130(8): 2073S - 2085. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
B. E Merz-Demlow, A. M Duncan, K. E Wangen, X. Xu, T. P Carr, W. R Phipps, and M. S Kurzer Soy isoflavones improve plasma lipids in normocholesterolemic, premenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2000; 71(6): 1462 - 1469. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. R. White, H. Petrovitch, G. W. Ross, K. Masaki, J. Hardman, J. Nelson, D. Davis, and W. Markesbery Brain Aging and Midlife Tofu Consumption J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 2000; 19(2): 242 - 255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. R. Doerge, H. C. Chang, M. I. Churchwell, and C. L. Holder Analysis of Soy Isoflavone Conjugation In Vitro and in Human Blood Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Drug Metab. Dispos., March 1, 2000; 28(3): 298 - 307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. K. Quella, C. L. Loprinzi, D. L. Barton, J. A. Knost, J. A. Sloan, B. I. LaVasseur, D. Swan, K. R. Krupp, K. D. Miller, and P. J. Novotny Evaluation of Soy Phytoestrogens for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Breast Cancer Survivors: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group Trial J. Clin. Oncol., March 1, 2000; 18(5): 1068 - 1068. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L.-J. W. Lu, M. Cree, S. Josyula, M. Nagamani, J. J. Grady, and K. E. Anderson Increased Urinary Excretion of 2-Hydroxyestrone but not 16{{alpha}}-Hydroxyestrone in Premenopausal Women during a Soya Diet Containing Isoflavones Cancer Res., March 1, 2000; 60(5): 1299 - 1305. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. R. Setchell Absorption and Metabolism of Soy Isoflavones--from Food to Dietary Supplements and Adults to Infants J. Nutr., March 1, 2000; 130(3): 654 - 654. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
M. S. Kurzer Hormonal Effects of Soy Isoflavones: Studies in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women J. Nutr., March 1, 2000; 130(3): 660 - 660. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
R. M. Harrison, P. P. Phillippi, K. F. Swan, and M. C. Henson Effect of Genistein on Steroid Hormone Production in the Pregnant Rhesus Monkey Exp Biol Med, October 2, 1999; 222(1): 78 - 84. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. Atkinson, R. Warren, S. A. Bingham, and N. E. Day Mammographic Patterns as a Predictive Biomarker of Breast Cancer Risk: Effect of Tamoxifen Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 1999; 8(10): 863 - 866. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
L. C. Appelt and M. M. Reicks Soy Induces Phase II Enzymes But Does Not Inhibit Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Carcinogenesis in Female Rats J. Nutr., October 1, 1999; 129(10): 1820 - 1826. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
M. J Messina Legumes and soybeans: overview of their nutritional profiles and health effects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 1999; 70(3): 439S - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. W Anderson, B. M Smith, and C. S Washnock Cardiovascular and renal benefits of dry bean and soybean intake Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 1999; 70(3): 464S - 474. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. I Barr Vegetarianism and menstrual cycle disturbances: is there an association? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 1999; 70(3): 549S - 554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Segasothy and P.A. Phillips Vegetarian diet: panacea for modern lifestyle diseases? QJM, September 1, 1999; 92(9): 531 - 544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Ishimi, C. Miyaura, M. Ohmura, Y. Onoe, T. Sato, Y. Uchiyama, M. Ito, X. Wang, T. Suda, and S. Ikegami Selective Effects of Genistein, a Soybean Isoflavone, on B-Lymphopoiesis and Bone Loss Caused by Estrogen Deficiency Endocrinology, April 1, 1999; 140(4): 1893 - 1900. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
K. D. R. Setchell and A. Cassidy Dietary Isoflavones: Biological Effects and Relevance to Human Health J. Nutr., March 1, 1999; 129(3): 758 - 758. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
W. Zheng, Q. Dai, L. J. Custer, X.-O. Shu, W.-Q. Wen, F. Jin, and A. A. Franke Urinary Excretion of Isoflavonoids and the Risk of Breast Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 1999; 8(1): 35 - 40. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
A. M. Duncan, B. E. Merz, X. Xu, T. C. Nagel, W. R. Phipps, and M. S. Kurzer Soy Isoflavones Exert Modest Hormonal Effects in Premenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 1999; 84(1): 192 - 197. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
J. M. Hodgson, I. B. Puddey, L. J. Beilin, T. A. Mori, and K. D. Croft Supplementation with Isoflavonoid Phytoestrogens Does Not Alter Serum Lipid Concentrations: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Humans J. Nutr., April 1, 1998; 128(4): 728 - 732. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
R. Santti, S. Makela, L. Strauss, J. Korkman, and M.-L. Kostian Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males Toxicology and Industrial Health, January 1, 1998; 14(1-2): 223 - 237. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. J. Nestel, T. Yamashita, T. Sasahara, S. Pomeroy, A. Dart, P. Komesaroff, A. Owen, and M. Abbey Soy Isoflavones Improve Systemic Arterial Compliance but Not Plasma Lipids in Menopausal and Perimenopausal Women Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 1997; 17(12): 3392 - 3398. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
D. M. Sheehan, A. Franke, L. J. C. Bluck, S. A. Bingham, and J. Slavin Isoflavone Content of Breast Milk and Soy Formulas: Benefits and Risks • The author of the Editorial referred to replies to the above Letters: Clin. Chem., May 1, 1997; 43(5): 850 - 852. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
J. Slavin More Information on Phytoestrogens in Breast Milk Clin. Chem., March 1, 1997; 43(3): 548 - 549. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
Environmental Estrogens: Disease Agents? Journal Watch Women's Health, November 1, 1996; 1996(1101): 21 - 21. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
C. Essex Phytoestrogens and soy based infant formula BMJ, August 31, 1996; 313(7056): 507 - 508. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
J. W. Anderson, B. M. Johnstone, and M. E. Cook-Newell Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Soy Protein Intake on Serum Lipids N. Engl. J. Med., August 3, 1995; 333(5): 276 - 282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |