American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 60, 911-918, Copyright © 1994 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

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Effects of a diet restricted in saturated fatty acids and cholesterol on the composition of apolipoprotein A-I--containing lipoprotein particles in the fasting and fed states

MC Cheung, AH Lichtenstein and EJ Schaefer
Northwest Lipid Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98103.

To test the hypothesis that diet may exert differential effects on apolipoprotein (apo) A-I--containing high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) particles with (w) and without (w/o) apo A-II [Lp(A-I w A-II) and Lp(A- I w/o A-II)], the effects of a diet low in saturated fatty acids and cholesterol [National Cholesterol Education Panel (NCEP) Step 2 diet] on these lipoproteins were determined in eight normolipidemic subjects, aged 53-74 y, in both the fasting and nonfasting states. Compared with a diet high in saturated fatty acid and cholesterol, consumption of an NCEP diet (6 mo) lowered fasting plasma, low-density-lipoprotein, and HDL cholesterol, and nonfasting plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL cholesterol (P < 0.05- < 0.005). Phospholipid in fasting and nonfasting Lp(A-I w A-II) and Lp(A-I w/o A-II) was lower during the NCEP diet (P < 0.05-0.001), but reductions in apo A-I or A-II were observed only in Lp(A-I w A-II). In contrast, differences in particle- size profiles were detected in Lp(A-I w/o A-II) but not in Lp(A-I w A- II). These observations provide further evidence that Lp(A-I w A-II) and Lp(A-I w/o A-II) are distinct metabolic entities.

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