American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 63, 254-260, Copyright © 1996 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Body fat distribution and non-insulin-dependent diabetes: comparison of a fiber-rich, high-carbohydrate, low-fat (23%) diet and a 35% fat diet high in monounsaturated fat

KZ Walker, K O'Dea, L Johnson, AJ Sinclair, LS Piers, GC Nicholson and JG Muir
School of Nutrition and Public Health, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia.

The effects of a fiber-rich, high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HCLF) diet and a modified-fat (MF) diet high in monounsaturated fat on body fat distribution were examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 16 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) during a randomized crossover study. Subjects lost similar amounts of body fat consuming the HCLF and MF diets (-0.83 +/- 0.37 and -0.87 +/- 0.40 kg, respectively) despite a marked difference in total fat consumption. With the MF diet, the ratio of upper- to lower-body fat (UF:LF) remained unchanged because fat was lost proportionately from the upper and lower body. In contrast, with the HCLF diet, a disproportionate loss of lower-body fat caused the UF:LF to increase. The effects of diet on regional body fat loss were significant (P < 0.05, two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA).

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