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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 63, 306-314, Copyright © 1996 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Relations of vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, folate, and homocysteine to cognitive performance in the Normative Aging Study

KM Riggs, A Spiro 3rd, K Tucker and D Rush
Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.

We investigated the relations between plasma concentrations of homocysteine and vitamins B-12 and B-6 and folate, and scores from a battery of cognitive tests for 70 male subjects, aged 54-81 y, in the Normative Aging Study. Lower concentrations of vitamin B-12 (P=0.04) and folate (P=0.003) and higher concentrations of homocysteine (P=0.0009 ) were associated with poorer spatial copying skills. Plasma homocysteine was a stronger predictor of spatial copying performance than either vitamin B-12 or folate. The association of homocysteine with spatial copying performance was not explained by clinical diagnoses of vascular disease. Higher concentrations of vitamin B-6 were related to better performance on two measures of memory (P=0.03 and P=0.05). The results suggest that vitamins (and homocysteine) may have differential effects on cognitive abilities. Individual vitamins and homocysteine should be explored further as determinants of patterns of cognitive impairment.


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J. D Fernstrom
Can nutrient supplements modify brain function?
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2000; 71(6): 1669S - 1673.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Am. Coll. Nutr.Home page
J.-C. Essama-Tjani, J.-C. Guilland, G. Potier de Courcy, F. Fuchs, and D. Richard
Folate Status Worsens in Recently Institutionalized Elderly People without Evidence of Functional Deterioration
J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2000; 19(3): 392 - 404.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Clin. Chem.Home page
K. Nilsson, L. Gustafson, and B. Hultberg
The Plasma Homocysteine Concentration Is Better Than That of Serum Methylmalonic Acid as a Marker for Sociopsychological Performance in a Psychogeriatric Population
Clin. Chem., May 1, 2000; 46(5): 691 - 696.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Clin. Nutr.Home page
D. A Snowdon, C. L Tully, C. D Smith, K. P. Riley, and W. R Markesbery
Serum folate and the severity of atrophy of the neocortex in Alzheimer disease: findings from the Nun Study
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2000; 71(4): 993 - 998.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Clin. Nutr.Home page
J. Selhub, L. C Bagley, J. Miller, and I. H Rosenberg
B vitamins, homocysteine, and neurocognitive function in the elderly1
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2000; 71(2): 614s - 620s.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Clin. Nutr.Home page
F. Nourhashemi, S. Gillette-Guyonnet, S. Andrieu, A. Ghisolfi, P. J. Ousset, H. Grandjean, A. Grand, J. Pous, B. Vellas, and J.-L. Albarede
Alzheimer disease: protective factors1
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2000; 71(2): 643s - 649s.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Am. Coll. Nutr.Home page
R. D. Lindeman, L. J. Romero, K. M. Koehler, H. C. Liang, A. LaRue, R. N. Baumgartner, and P. J. Garry
Serum Vitamin B12, C and Folate Concentrations in the New Mexico Elder Health Survey: Correlations with Cognitive and Affective Functions
J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 2000; 19(1): 68 - 76.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
J Gussekloo, B T Heijmans, P E Slagboom, A M Lagaay, D L Knook, and R G J Westendorp
Thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and the risk of cognitive impairment in those over 85
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, October 1, 1999; 67(4): 535 - 538.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Arch NeurolHome page
R. Clarke, A. D. Smith, K. A. Jobst, H. Refsum, L. Sutton, and P. M. Ueland
Folate, Vitamin B12, and Serum Total Homocysteine Levels in Confirmed Alzheimer Disease
Arch Neurol, November 1, 1998; 55(11): 1449 - 1455.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Arch NeurolHome page
S. Evers, H.-G. Koch, K.-H. Grotemeyer, B. Lange, T. Deufel, and E.-B. Ringelstein
Features, Symptoms, and Neurophysiological Findings in Stroke Associated With Hyperhomocysteinemia
Arch Neurol, October 1, 1997; 54(10): 1276 - 1282.
[Abstract] [PDF]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
B. C. Blount, M. M. Mack, C. M. Wehr, J. T. MacGregor, R. A. Hiatt, G. Wang, S. N. Wickramasinghe, R. B. Everson, and B. N. Ames
Folate deficiency causes uracil misincorporation into human DNA and chromosome breakage: Implications for cancer and neuronal damage
PNAS, April 1, 1997; 94(7): 3290 - 3295.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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