American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 63, 491-499, Copyright © 1996 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Evaluation of four methods for determining energy intake in young and older women: comparison with doubly labeled water measurements of total energy expenditure

AL Sawaya, K Tucker, R Tsay, W Willett, E Saltzman, GE Dallal and SB Roberts
US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, U.S.A.

The accuracy and precision of four different food intake assessment methods were evaluated in young and older women by comparing reported energy intakes with doubly labeled water measurements total energy expenditure (TEE). A study lasting 8 d was conducted in 10 young women aged 25.2+/-1.1 y (-x+/-SEM) and in 10 older women aged 74.0+/-1.4 y. Free-living TEE was measured over 7 d and food consumption was determined from weighed food intake data (7 d), a 24-h food recall (in duplicate), and two different food-frequency questionnaires [Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC)/Block and Willett, both in duplicate]. In addition, body composition was determined by using hydrodensitometry, and strenuous physical activity and the extent of dietary restraint were determined by questionnaire. In young women, 24- h recall gave mean energy intakes that were closest to measures of TEE (-0.34+/-3.71 MJ/d compared with TEE, P=0.178), and energy intakes by food-frequency questionnaires were the only intake data that correlated significantly with individual values for TEE (P<0.05). In older women, food-frequency questionnaires gave mean energy intakes that were closest to measured TEE (+0.53+/-2.95 MJ/d with the Willett questionnaire and -1.19+/-3.02 MJ/d with FHCRC/Block questionnaire). No energy intake data from this group correlated significantly with values for TEE. The 7-d weighed dietary intakes were significantly lower than measured TEE in both young and older women (-2.0 MJ/d in young and older women combined, P<0.001), and did not correlate significantly with values for TEE, although they did most closely mirror the mean difference in TEE between the young and older women (2.30 MJ/d for TEE and 2.11 MJ/d for 7-d weighed intake). These data suggest that none of the methods studied gave accurate estimates of the usual energy requirements of individual subjects. In addition, the results suggest that for some types of studies, simple methods for assessing group mean dietary intake may actually give more accurate information than weighed dietary intakes.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Yannakoulia, D. B. Panagiotakos, C. Pitsavos, E. Bathrellou, C. Chrysohoou, Y. Skoumas, and C. Stefanadis Low Energy Reporting Related to Lifestyle, Clinical, and Psychosocial Factors in a Randomly Selected Population Sample of Greek Adults: The ATTICA Study J. Am. Coll. Nutr., August 1, 2007; 26(4): 327 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Carriquiry and G. Camano-Garcia Evaluation of Dietary Intake Data Using the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels J. Nutr., February 1, 2006; 136(2): 507S - 513S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. R. Paul, D. G. Rhodes, M. Kramer, D. J. Baer, and W. V. Rumpler Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire by Direct Measurement of Habitual ad Libitum Food Intake Am. J. Epidemiol., October 15, 2005; 162(8): 806 - 814. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. S. Freedman, D. Midthune, R. J. Carroll, S. Krebs-Smith, A. F. Subar, R. P. Troiano, K. Dodd, A. Schatzkin, P. Ferrari, and V. Kipnis Adjustments to Improve the Estimation of Usual Dietary Intake Distributions in the Population J. Nutr., July 1, 2004; 134(7): 1836 - 1843. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. D. Salbe, M. H. Tschop, A. DelParigi, C. A. Venti, and P. A. Tataranni Negative Relationship between Fasting Plasma Ghrelin Concentrations and ad Libitum Food Intake J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2951 - 2956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. D. Samuel-Hodge, L. M. Fernandez, C. F. Henriquez-Roldan, L. F. Johnston, and T. C. Keyserling A Comparison of Self-Reported Energy Intake With Total Energy Expenditure Estimated by Accelerometer and Basal Metabolic Rate in African-American Women With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, March 1, 2004; 27(3): 663 - 669. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Kipnis, A. F. Subar, D. Midthune, L. S. Freedman, R. Ballard-Barbash, R. P. Troiano, S. Bingham, D. A. Schoeller, A. Schatzkin, and R. J. Carroll Structure of Dietary Measurement Error: Results of the OPEN Biomarker Study Am. J. Epidemiol., July 1, 2003; 158(1): 14 - 21. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M Conway, L. A Ingwersen, B. T Vinyard, and A. J Moshfegh Effectiveness of the US Department of Agriculture 5-step multiple-pass method in assessing food intake in obese and nonobese women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2003; 77(5): 1171 - 1178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J. Brehm, R. J. Seeley, S. R. Daniels, and D. A. D'Alessio A Randomized Trial Comparing a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet and a Calorie-Restricted Low Fat Diet on Body Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Healthy Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2003; 88(4): 1617 - 1623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. B. E. Livingstone and A. E. Black Markers of the Validity of Reported Energy Intake J. Nutr., March 1, 2003; 133(3): 895S - 920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Dwyer, M. F. Picciano, and D. J. Raiten Estimation of Usual Intakes: What We Eat in America-NHANES J. Nutr., February 1, 2003; 133(2): 609S - 623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. K Horner, R. E Patterson, M. L Neuhouser, J. W Lampe, S. A Beresford, and R. L Prentice Participant characteristics associated with errors in self-reported energy intake from the Women's Health Initiative food-frequency questionnaire Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2002; 76(4): 766 - 773. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L Seale Predicting total energy expenditure from self-reported dietary records and physical characteristics in adult and elderly men and women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2002; 76(3): 529 - 534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. D. Salbe, C. Weyer, I. Harper, R. S. Lindsay, E. Ravussin, and P. A. Tataranni Assessing Risk Factors for Obesity Between Childhood and Adolescence: II. Energy Metabolism and Physical Activity Pediatrics, August 1, 2002; 110(2): 307 - 314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. I Steinle, W.-C. Hsueh, S. Snitker, T. I Pollin, H. Sakul, P. L St Jean, C. J Bell, B. D Mitchell, and A. R Shuldiner Eating behavior in the Old Order Amish: heritability analysis and a genome-wide linkage analysis Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2002; 75(6): 1098 - 1106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. L White, N. Day, and W. Walter Jerry Morris and Health Services Research in the USA Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2002; 31(3): 690 - 692. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. S. Buchowski, J. Semenya, and A. O. Johnson Dietary Calcium Intake in Lactose Maldigesting Intolerant and Tolerant African-American Women J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 2002; 21(1): 47 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. F. Subar, F. E. Thompson, V. Kipnis, D. Midthune, P. Hurwitz, S. McNutt, A. McIntosh, and S. Rosenfeld Comparative Validation of the Block, Willett, and National Cancer Institute Food Frequency Questionnaires : The Eating at America's Table Study Am. J. Epidemiol., December 15, 2001; 154(12): 1089 - 1099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D M. Hegsted Fractures, calcium, and the modern diet Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2001; 74(5): 571 - 573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Trabulsi and D. A. Schoeller Evaluation of dietary assessment instruments against doubly labeled water, a biomarker of habitual energy intake Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2001; 281(5): E891 - E899. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. K. Horner, J. W. Lampe, R. E. Patterson, M. L. Neuhouser, S. A. Beresford, and R. L. Prentice Indirect Calorimetry Protocol Development for Measuring Resting Metabolic Rate as a Component of Total Energy Expenditure in Free-Living Postmenopausal Women J. Nutr., August 1, 2001; 131(8): 2215 - 2218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. V. Pahl, B. D. Culver, P. L. Strong, F. J. Murray, and N. D. Vaziri The Effect of Pregnancy on Renal Clearance of Boron in Humans: A Study Based on Normal Dietary Intake of Boron Toxicol. Sci., April 1, 2001; 60(2): 252 - 256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Kipnis, D. Midthune, L. S. Freedman, S. Bingham, A. Schatzkin, A. Subar, and R. J. Carroll Empirical Evidence of Correlated Biases in Dietary Assessment Instruments and Its Implications Am. J. Epidemiol., February 15, 2001; 153(4): 394 - 403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Gray-Donald, E. Robinson, A. Collier, K. David, L. Renaud, and S. Rodrigues Intervening to reduce weight gain in pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus in Cree communities: an evaluation Can. Med. Assoc. J., November 1, 2000; 163(10): 1247 - 1251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. G. Harrison, O. M. Galal, N. Ibrahim, A. Khorshid, A. Stormer, J. Leslie, and N. T. Saleh Underreporting of Food Intake by Dietary Recall Is Not Universal: A Comparison of Data from Egyptian and American Women J. Nutr., August 1, 2000; 130(8): 2049 - 2054. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G. P Bathalon, K. L Tucker, N. P Hays, A. G Vinken, A. S Greenberg, M. A McCrory, and S. B Roberts Psychological measures of eating behavior and the accuracy of 3 common dietary assessment methods in healthy postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2000; 71(3): 739 - 745. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J Schaefer, J. L Augustin, M. M Schaefer, H. Rasmussen, J. M Ordovas, G. E Dallal, and J. T Dwyer Lack of efficacy of a food-frequency questionnaire in assessing dietary macronutrient intakes in subjects consuming diets of known composition Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2000; 71(3): 746 - 751. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Rodrigues, E. J Robinson, H. Ghezzo, and K. Gray-Donald Interaction of body weight and ethnicity on risk of gestational diabetes mellitus Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 1999; 70(6): 1083 - 1089. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Kroke, K. Klipstein-Grobusch, S. Voss, J. Moseneder, F. Thielecke, R. Noack, and H. Boeing Validation of a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire administered in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study: comparison of energy, protein, and macronutrient intakes estimated with the doubly labeled water, urinary nitrogen, and repeated 24-h dietary recall methods Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 1999; 70(4): 439 - 447. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. B. Buller, C. Morrill, D. Taren, M. Aickin, L. Sennott-Miller, M. K. Buller, L. Larkey, C. Alatorre, and T. M. Wentzel Randomized Trial Testing the Effect of Peer Education at Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake J Natl Cancer Inst, September 1, 1999; 91(17): 1491 - 1500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. T Sempos, K. Liu, and N. D Ernst Food and nutrient exposures: what to consider when evaluating epidemiologic evidence Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 1999; 69 (6): 1330S - 1338S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. M Flegal Evaluating epidemiologic evidence of the effects of food and nutrient exposures Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 1999; 69 (6): 1339S - 1344S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. L Tucker, M. T Hannan, H. Chen, L A. Cupples, P. W. Wilson, and D. P Kiel Potassium, magnesium, and fruit and vegetable intakes are associated with greater bone mineral density in elderly men and women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 1999; 69(4): 727 - 736. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. S. Tarasuk and G. H. Beaton Women's Dietary Intakes in the Context of Household Food Insecurity J. Nutr., March 1, 1999; 129(3): 672 - 679. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				E. J. Harper Changing Perspectives on Aging and Energy Requirements: Aging and Energy Intakes in Humans, Dogs and Cats J. Nutr., December 1, 1998; 128(12): 2623S - 2623. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. D. Starling, M. J. Toth, W. H. Carpenter, D. E. Matthews, and E. T. Poehlman Energy requirements and physical activity in free-living older women and men: a doubly labeled water study J Appl Physiol, September 1, 1998; 85(3): 1063 - 1069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]