American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 63, 753-759, Copyright © 1996 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate supplementation at pharmacologic doses decreases low-density-lipoprotein oxidative susceptibility but not protein glycation in patients with diabetes mellitus

CJ Fuller, M Chandalia, A Garg, SM Grundy and I Jialal
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 75235-9052, USA.

Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of premature atherosclerosis, which may be due in part to increased oxidizability of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Numerous studies have shown that alpha- tocopherol can reduce the oxidative susceptibility of LDL in normoglycemic subjects; however, there are few studies in persons with diabetes. In addition, alpha-tocopherol may reduce the extent of protein glycation. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the effect of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate supplementation on LDL oxidizability and protein glycation in persons with diabetes without evidence of vascular disease. Twenty-eight persons with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 1632 mg (1200 IU) RRR-alpha-tocopherol/d, as tocopheryl acetate, for 8 wk. Plasma and LDL antioxidant concentrations and LDL oxidizability were assessed at both 0 and 8 wk. Plasma and LDL concentrations of alpha-tocopherol were significantly increased in the supplemented group only. Compared with the placebo group, the alpha-tocopherol- supplemented group had significant reductions in LDL oxidizability at 8 wk, as shown by the time-course curves of conjugated diene and lipid peroxide formation. Also, alpha-tocopherol supplementation produced a significant prolongation in the lag phases of both assays, which was evident in both the NIDDM and IDDM subgroups. However, there were no significant changes in glycated hemoglobin or in glycated plasma proteins after alpha-tocopherol supplementation. Thus, alpha-tocopherol supplementation may be beneficial in reducing LDL oxidizability in patients with diabetes.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. Livingstone and J. Davis Review: Targeting therapeutics against glutathione depletion in diabetes and its complications The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, November 1, 2007; 7(6): 258 - 265. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. M. Vincent, J. W. Russell, P. Low, and E. L. Feldman Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Neuropathy Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2004; 25(4): 612 - 628. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. E Upritchard, C. R. Schuurman, A. Wiersma, L. B. Tijburg, S. A. Coolen, P. J Rijken, and S. A Wiseman Spread supplemented with moderate doses of vitamin E and carotenoids reduces lipid peroxidation in healthy, nonsmoking adults Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2003; 78(5): 985 - 992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. E. Millen, M. Gruber, R. Klein, B. E. K. Klein, M. Palta, and J. A. Mares Relations of Serum Ascorbic Acid and {alpha}-Tocopherol to Diabetic Retinopathy in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Am. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2003; 158(3): 225 - 233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Devaraj, S. V. Hirany, R. F. Burk, and I. Jialal Divergence between LDL Oxidative Susceptibility and Urinary F2-Isoprostanes as Measures of Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Clin. Chem., November 1, 2001; 47(11): 1974 - 1979. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Manuel y Keenoy, H. Shen, W. Engelen, J. Vertommen, G. Van Dessel, and A. Lagrou Long-Term Pharmacologic Doses of Vitamin E Only Moderately Affect the Erythrocytes of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus J. Nutr., June 1, 2001; 131(6): 1723 - 1730. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. G. Traber Does Vitamin E Decrease Heart Attack Risk? Summary and Implications with Respect to Dietary Recommendations J. Nutr., February 1, 2001; 131(2): 395S - 397. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				W. Engelen, B. M. y Keenoy, J. Vertommen, and I. De Leeuw Effects of long-term supplementation with moderate pharmacologic doses of vitamin E are saturable and reversible in patients with type 1 diabetes Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2000; 72(5): 1142 - 1149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Devaraj and I. Jialal Low-Density Lipoprotein Postsecretory Modification, Monocyte Function, and Circulating Adhesion Molecules in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With and Without Macrovascular Complications : The Effect of {alpha}-Tocopherol Supplementation Circulation, July 11, 2000; 102(2): 191 - 196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W. Anderson, M. S. Gowri, J. Turner, L. Nichols, V. A. Diwadkar, C. K. Chow, and P. R. Oeltgen Antioxidant Supplementation Effects on Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation for Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus J. Am. Coll. Nutr., October 1, 1999; 18(5): 451 - 461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W. Anderson and T. J. Hanna Impact of Nondigestible Carbohydrates on Serum Lipoproteins and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease J. Nutr., July 1, 1999; 129(7): 1457 - 1457. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Devaraj, B. Adams-Huet, C.J. Fuller, and I. Jialal Dose-Response Comparison of RRR-{alpha}-Tocopherol and All-Racemic {alpha}-Tocopherol on LDL Oxidation Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., October 1, 1997; 17(10): 2273 - 2279. [Abstract] [Full Text]