American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 66, 254-260, Copyright © 1997 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Influence of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on the endogenous activities of plasma lipases

WS Harris, G Lu, GS Rambjor, AI Walen, JA Ontko, Q Cheng and SL Windsor
St Luke's Hospital, University of Missouri-Kansas City 64111, USA. wharris@saint-lukes.org

The aim of these studies was to explore the possibility that enhanced triacylglycerol clearance may contribute to the hypotriacylglycerolemic effect of n-3 fatty acids in humans. Healthy subjects (n = 20) and hypertriacylglycerolemic patients (n = 6) were given a placebo (olive oil, OO) or a fish-oil concentrate (FOC; 41% eicosapentaenoic acid and 23% docosahexaenoic acid) in two, independent, randomized, blind trials. For the healthy subjects, the FOC treatment period was 3 wk long and FOC intakes were 5 g/d. For the patients, treatment periods were 4 wk long and dosages were 5 g.70 kg body wt-1.d-1. Washout periods were 2-4 wk for both groups. Blood samples were drawn at the end of each phase and analyzed for plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and endogenous (nonheparin-stimulated) activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL). In the healthy subjects the FOC decreased plasma triacylglycerol concentrations by 18% (P < 0.01), whereas in the patients concentrations were reduced by 35% (P < 0.05). Low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations increased by 25% in the latter group (P = 0.06). FOC increased the endogenous activities of LPL and HL by 62% and 68%, respectively (P < 0.0001), in the healthy subjects, but only LPL in the patients (65%, P < 0.005). These data suggest that endogenous lipase activities may be altered by nutritional interventions, and further, that accelerated lipolysis could contribute, at least in part, to the observed effects of n-3 fatty acids on human lipoprotein metabolism.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. J Caslake, E. A Miles, B. M Kofler, G. Lietz, P. Curtis, C. K Armah, A. C Kimber, J. P Grew, L. Farrell, J. Stannard, et al. Effect of sex and genotype on cardiovascular biomarker response to fish oils: the FINGEN Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2008; 88(3): 618 - 629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A Jacobson Role of n-3 fatty acids in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2008; 87(6): 1981S - 1990S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. De Caterina, R. Madonna, A. Bertolotto, and E. B. Schmidt n-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Diabetic Patients: Biological rationale and clinical data Diabetes Care, April 1, 2007; 30(4): 1012 - 1026. [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Annuzzi, C. De Natale, C. Iovine, L. Patti, L. Di Marino, S. Coppola, S. Del Prato, G. Riccardi, and A. A. Rivellese Insulin Resistance Is Independently Associated With Postprandial Alterations of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2004; 24(12): 2397 - 2402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Park, P. G Jones, and W. S Harris Triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein margination: a potential surrogate for whole-body lipoprotein lipase activity and effects of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2004; 80(1): 45 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. A. Rivellese, C. De Natale, L. Di Marino, L. Patti, C. Iovine, S. Coppola, S. D. Prato, G. Riccardi, and G. Annuzzi Exogenous and Endogenous Postprandial Lipid Abnormalities in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Optimal Blood Glucose Control and Optimal Fasting Triglyceride Levels J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2004; 89(5): 2153 - 2159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. F. Larsen, A. K. Olsen, A. K. Hansen, K. Bukhave, and P. Marckmann Feeding Minipigs Fish Oil for Four Weeks Lowers Postprandial Triacylglycerolemia J. Nutr., July 1, 2003; 133(7): 2273 - 2276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Park and W. S. Harris Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation accelerates chylomicron triglyceride clearance J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2003; 44(3): 455 - 463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. C. Chan, G. F. Watts, P. H. R. Barrett, L. J. Beilin, T. G. Redgrave, and T. A. Mori Regulatory Effects of HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor and Fish Oils on Apolipoprotein B-100 Kinetics in Insulin-Resistant Obese Male Subjects With Dyslipidemia Diabetes, August 1, 2002; 51(8): 2377 - 2386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Khan, A.-M. Minihane, P. J. Talmud, J. W. Wright, M. C. Murphy, C. M. Williams, and B. A. Griffin Dietary long-chain n-3 PUFAs increase LPL gene expression in adipose tissue of subjects with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2002; 43(6): 979 - 985. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. de Lorgeril, P. Salen, P. Defaye, P. Mabo, and F. Paillard Dietary prevention of sudden cardiac death Eur. Heart J., February 2, 2002; 23(4): 277 - 285. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. U Almario, V. Vonghavaravat, R. Wong, and S. E Kasim-Karakas Effects of walnut consumption on plasma fatty acids and lipoproteins in combined hyperlipidemia Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2001; 74(1): 72 - 79. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Ikeda, J. Kumamaru, N. Nakatani, M. Sakono, I. Murota, and K. Imaizumi Reduced Hepatic Triglyceride Secretion in Rats Fed Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Fish Oil Suppresses Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia J. Nutr., April 1, 2001; 131(4): 1159 - 1164. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G. Asset, E. Bauge, J. C. Fruchart, and J. Dallongeville Lack of Triglyceride-Lowering Properties of Fish Oil in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., March 1, 2001; 21(3): 401 - 406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Minihane, S. Khan, E. C. Leigh-Firbank, P. Talmud, J. W. Wright, M. C. Murphy, B. A. Griffin, and C. M. Williams ApoE Polymorphism and Fish Oil Supplementation in Subjects With an Atherogenic Lipoprotein Phenotype Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 2000; 20(8): 1990 - 1997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. R. Thomas, B. A. Fischer, W. B. Kist, K. E. Horner, and R. H. Cox Effects of exercise and n-3 fatty acids on postprandial lipemia J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2000; 88(6): 2199 - 2204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Volek, A. L. Gomez, and W. J. Kraemer Fasting Lipoprotein and Postprandial Triacylglycerol Responses to a Low-Carbohydrate Diet Supplemented with n-3 Fatty Acids J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2000; 19(3): 383 - 391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Lacaille, P. Julien, Y. Deshaies, C. Lavigne, L.-D Brun, and H. Jacques Responses of Plasma Lipoproteins and Sex Hormones to the Consumption of Lean Fish Incorporated in a Prudent-Type Diet in Normolipidemic Men J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2000; 19(6): 745 - 753. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Westphal, M. Orth, A. Ambrosch, K. Osmundsen, and C. Luley Postprandial chylomicrons and VLDLs in severe hypertriacylglycerolemia are lowered more effectively than are chylomicron remnants after treatment with n-3 fatty acids Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2000; 71(4): 914 - 920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Nordoy, K. H. Bonaa, P. M. Sandset, J.-B. Hansen, and H. Nilsen Effect of {omega}-3 Fatty Acids and Simvastatin on Hemostatic Risk Factors and Postprandial Hyperlipemia in Patients With Combined Hyperlipemia Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., January 1, 2000; 20(1): 259 - 265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. S. D. Nair, J. Leitch, J. Falconer, and M. L Garg Cardiac (n-3) Non-Esterified Fatty Acids Are Selectively Increased in Fish Oil-Fed Pigs following Myocardial Ischemia J. Nutr., August 1, 1999; 129(8): 1518 - 1523. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				L. F. Tinker, E. J Parks, S. R. Behr, B. O. Schneeman, and P. A. Davis (n-3) Fatty Acid Supplementation in Moderately Hypertriglyceridemic Adults Changes Postprandial Lipid and Apolipoprotein B Responses to a Standardized Test Meal J. Nutr., June 1, 1999; 129(6): 1126 - 1134. [Abstract] [Full Text]