American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 67, 67-73, Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Lysine requirement of neonatal piglets receiving total parenteral nutrition as determined by oxidation of the indicator amino acid L-[1- 14C]phenylalanine

JD House, PB Pencharz and RO Ball
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Guelph, Canada.

The indicator amino acid oxidation technique was adapted for use during total parenteral nutrition. Twenty-one male Yorkshire piglets (3 d of age) fitted with jugular and femoral vein catheters, received total parenteral nutrition for 6 d. Total parenteral nutrition included 15 g amino acids .kg-1.d-1 (1.25 g lysine.kg-1.d-1), lipid + glucose (1.1 MJ.kg-1.d-1), and micronutrients. Piglets were randomly assigned to lysine intakes of 0.40, 0.55, 0.70, 0.85, 1.00, 1.15, or 1.30 g.kg-1.d- 1 and received a 4-h primed, constant infusion of L-[1- 14C]phenylalanine. Phenylalanine oxidation (% of dose) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from 18.6% at the lowest lysine intake to 3.0% at a lysine intake of 0.85 g.kg-1.d-1. Further increases in lysine intake had no effect on phenylalanine oxidation. Regression analysis yielded a mean lysine requirement of 0.79 g.kg-1.d-1 and a safe intake (upper 95% confidence limit) of 0.84 g.kg-1.d-1. Changes in the plasma lysine concentration and phenylalanine oxidation rates supported this estimate. The indicator amino acid oxidation technique can now be used to determine amino acid requirements during total parenteral nutrition. This means that the ideal amino acid pattern for neonates receiving total parenteral nutrition can now be defined by a sensitive and minimally invasive measurement of amino acid kinetics.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. Dardevet, S. R Kimball, L. S Jefferson, A. D Cherrington, D. Remond, C. A DiCostanzo, and M. C. Moore Portal infusion of amino acids is more efficient than peripheral infusion in stimulating liver protein synthesis at the same hepatic amino acid load in dogs Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2008; 88(4): 986 - 996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Brunton, A. K. Shoveller, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball The Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Method Identified Limiting Amino Acids in Two Parenteral Nutrition Solutions in Neonatal Piglets J. Nutr., May 1, 2007; 137(5): 1253 - 1259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W-C. Hsu, W. Kriengsinyos, L. J. Wykes, M. Rafii, L. A. Goonewardene, R. O. Ball, and P. B. Pencharz Leucine Is Not a Good Choice as an Indicator Amino Acid for Determining Amino Acid Requirements in Men J. Nutr., April 1, 2006; 136(4): 958 - 964. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Moehn, R. F. P. Bertolo, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball Development of the Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Technique to Determine the Availability of Amino Acids from Dietary Protein in Pigs J. Nutr., December 1, 2005; 135(12): 2866 - 2870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. F. Bertolo, S. Moehn, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball Estimate of the variability of the lysine requirement of growing pigs using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique J Anim Sci, November 1, 2005; 83(11): 2535 - 2542. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. K. Shoveller, J. A. Brunton, J. D. House, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball Dietary Cysteine Reduces the Methionine Requirement by an Equal Proportion in Both Parenterally and Enterally Fed Piglets J. Nutr., December 1, 2003; 133(12): 4215 - 4224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Coleman, R. F. Bertolo, S. Moehn, M. A. Leslie, R. O. Ball, and D. R. Korver Lysine Requirements of Pre-lay Broiler Breeder Pullets: Determination by Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation J. Nutr., September 1, 2003; 133(9): 2826 - 2829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. K. Shoveller, J. A. Brunton, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball The Methionine Requirement Is Lower in Neonatal Piglets Fed Parenterally than in Those Fed Enterally J. Nutr., May 1, 2003; 133(5): 1390 - 1397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Elango, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball The Branched-Chain Amino Acid Requirement of Parenterally Fed Neonatal Piglets Is Less than the Enteral Requirement J. Nutr., October 1, 2002; 132(10): 3123 - 3129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. G Burrin, B. Stoll, R. Jiang, X. Chang, B. Hartmann, J. J. Holst, G. H Greeley Jr, and P. J Reeds Minimal enteral nutrient requirements for intestinal growth in neonatal piglets: how much is enough? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2000; 71(6): 1603 - 1610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Brunton, R. F. P. Bertolo, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball Proline ameliorates arginine deficiency during enteral but not parenteral feeding in neonatal piglets Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 1999; 277(2): E223 - E231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. F. P. Bertolo, C. Z. L. Chen, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball Intestinal Atrophy Has a Greater Impact on Nitrogen Metabolism than Liver By-Pass in Piglets Fed Identical Diets via Gastric, Central Venous or Portal Venous Routes J. Nutr., May 1, 1999; 129(5): 1045 - 1052. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. F. P. Bertolo, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball A Comparison of Parenteral and Enteral Feeding in Neonatal Piglets, Including an Assessment of the Utilization of a Glutamine-Rich, Pediatric Elemental Diet JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, March 1, 1999; 23(2): 47 - 55. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. F. P. Bertolo, C. Z. L. Chen, G. Law, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball Threonine Requirement of Neonatal Piglets Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition Is Considerably Lower than That of Piglets Receiving an Identical Diet Intragastrically J. Nutr., October 1, 1998; 128(10): 1752 - 1759. [Abstract] [Full Text]