American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 68, 296-302, Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Effect of dietary macronutrient composition on tissue-specific lipoprotein lipase activity and insulin action in normal-weight subjects

TJ Yost, DR Jensen, BR Haugen and RH Eckel
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.

The effects of macronutrient composition on fasting and postprandial activities of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (ATLPL) and skeletal muscle LPL (SMLPL) and on insulin sensitivity (S(I)) were studied in 25 normal-weight subjects. Each subject was fed a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet for 16 d and a high-fat (HF) diet for 16 d, in randomized order. On day 15 of each diet, biopsies for ATLPL and SMLPL were done in the fasted state and 6 h postprandially. On day 16 of each diet, a euglycemic clamp was used to measure S(I). There was no effect of diet composition on fasting ATLPL or SMLPL. With both diets and in both tissues, LPL increased significantly from fasting to 6 h postprandially. In adipose tissue only there was a significant difference between the 2 diets in LPL meal response (HC >HF, P = 0.024). There was no effect of diet composition on S(I). After the HC diet only, there were significant correlations between fasting SMLPL and S(I), but not ATLPL. After the HF diet, associations between insulin action and LPL were evident only in the postprandial state. In summary, 16 d of HC compared with HF feeding in normal-weight subjects increased the responsiveness of ATLPL to an HC compared with an HF meal. However, the same diets had no effect on fasting ATLPL or SMLPL, the responsiveness of SMLPL to a meal, or S(I). These data suggest that in normal-weight subjects habitual dietary carbohydrate intake may have a stronger effect on subcutaneous fat storage than does dietary fat intake.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. B. Votruba and M. D. Jensen Sex differences in abdominal, gluteal, and thigh LPL activity Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2007; 292(6): E1823 - E1828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Chokkalingam, K. Jewell, L. Norton, J. Littlewood, L. J. C. van Loon, P. Mansell, I. A. Macdonald, and K. Tsintzas High-Fat/Low-Carbohydrate Diet Reduces Insulin-Stimulated Carbohydrate Oxidation but Stimulates Nonoxidative Glucose Disposal in Humans: An Important Role for Skeletal Muscle Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2007; 92(1): 284 - 292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. B. Votruba and M. D. Jensen Sex-specific differences in leg fat uptake are revealed with a high-fat meal Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2006; 291(5): E1115 - E1123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Dallongeville, A. Harbis, P. Lebel, C. Defoort, D. Lairon, J.-C. Fruchart, and M. Romon The Plasma and Lipoprotein Triglyceride Postprandial Response to a Carbohydrate Tolerance Test Differs in Lean and Massively Obese Normolipidemic Women J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2161 - 2166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. T. St. Jeor, B. V. Howard, T. E. Prewitt, V. Bovee, T. Bazzarre, and R. H. Eckel Dietary Protein and Weight Reduction: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association Circulation, October 9, 2001; 104(15): 1869 - 1874. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Mittendorfer and L. S Sidossis Mechanism for the increase in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations after consumption of short-term, high-carbohydrate diets Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2001; 73(5): 892 - 899. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. H Bisschop, J. de Metz, M. T Ackermans, E. Endert, H. Pijl, F. Kuipers, A. J Meijer, H. P Sauerwein, and J. A Romijn Dietary fat content alters insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in healthy men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2001; 73(3): 554 - 559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. T. Donahoo, D. R. Jensen, T. Y. Shepard, and R. H. Eckel Seasonal Variation in Lipoprotein Lipase and Plasma Lipids in Physically Active, Normal Weight Humans J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2000; 85(9): 3065 - 3068. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. S. Volek, A. L. Gomez, and W. J. Kraemer Fasting Lipoprotein and Postprandial Triacylglycerol Responses to a Low-Carbohydrate Diet Supplemented with n-3 Fatty Acids J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2000; 19(3): 383 - 391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Noakes and P. M Clifton Changes in plasma lipids and other cardiovascular risk factors during 3 energy-restricted diets differing in total fat and fatty acid composition Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2000; 71(3): 706 - 712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J Parks and M. K Hellerstein Carbohydrate-induced hypertriacylglycerolemia: historical perspective and review of biological mechanisms1 Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2000; 71(2): 412 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]