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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 69, No. 4, 584-596, April 1999
© 1999 American Society for Clinical Nutrition

Review Article

Model for the regulation of energy balance and adiposity by the central nervous system1,2,3

Michael W Schwartz, Denis G Baskin, Karl J Kaiyala and Stephen C Woods

In 1995, we described a new model for adiposity regulation. Since then, data regarding the biology of body weight regulation has accumulated at a remarkable rate and has both modified and strengthened our understanding of this homeostatic system. In this review we integrate new information into a revised model for further understanding this important regulatory process. Our model of energy homeostasis proposes that long-term adiposity-related signals such as insulin and leptin influence the neuronal activity of central effector pathways that serve as controllers of energy balance.

Key Words: Body weight • adipose tissue • food intake • insulin • leptin • neuropeptide Y • glucocorticoids • obesity • energy balance • central nervous system • homeostasis • central effector pathways • arcuate nucleus • paraventricular nucleus • review




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