HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Rolls, B. J Articles by Thorwart, M. L Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Rolls, B. J Articles by Thorwart, M. L Agricola Articles by Rolls, B. J Articles by Thorwart, M. L

Energy density but not fat content of foods affected energy intake in lean and obese women^1,2,3

Background: Studies have shown that energy intake increases when both the fat content and energy density of the entire diet increases. When the fat content and energy density vary independently of one another, however, energy density, but not fat content, influences intake.

Objective: The present study examined whether energy intake in lean and obese women is affected when either the energy density or the fat content of a portion of the diet is manipulated and palatability is held constant.

Design: In a within-subjects design, 17 lean and 17 obese women consumed meals in the laboratory for four, 4-d test periods. In 3 of these test periods the energy density (4.4 and 6.7 kJ/g) or the fat content (16% and 36% of energy) of compulsory entrées representing 50% of each subject's usual energy intake was manipulated. Additional self-selected foods were consumed ad libitum at meals and as snacks.

Results: There were no systematic differences in palatability of the manipulated foods across conditions. Obese and lean participants responded similarly to the dietary manipulations. Intake of self-selected foods at meals was reduced significantly by 16% for both lean and obese subjects in the low- compared with the high-energy-density condition. The fat content of the compulsory foods had no significant effect on energy intake. Ratings of hunger did not differ between diets.

Conclusion: These results indicate that when a portion of the diet was manipulated, the energy density, but not the fat content, of the foods affected total energy intake at meals in both lean and obese women.

Key Words: Energy density • fat intake • human food intake • macronutrients • obesity • satiety • weight management • women

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. S Savage, M. Marini, and L. L Birch Dietary energy density predicts women's weight change over 6 y Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2008; 88(3): 677 - 684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Schroder, J. Vila, J. Marrugat, and M.-I. Covas Low Energy Density Diets Are Associated with Favorable Nutrient Intake Profile and Adequacy in Free-Living Elderly Men and Women J. Nutr., August 1, 2008; 138(8): 1476 - 1481. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. E Schebendach, L. E. Mayer, M. J Devlin, E. Attia, I. R Contento, R. L Wolf, and B T. Walsh Dietary energy density and diet variety as predictors of outcome in anorexia nervosa Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2008; 87(4): 810 - 816. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. J. Greenwood and J. B. Stanford Preventing or Improving Obesity by Addressing Specific Eating Patterns J Am Board Fam Med, March 1, 2008; 21(2): 135 - 140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L Pelkman, J. L Navia, A. E Miller, and R. J Pohle Novel calcium-gelled, alginate-pectin beverage reduced energy intake in nondieting overweight and obese women: interactions with dietary restraint status Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2007; 86(6): 1595 - 1602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. F. Krebs, J. H. Himes, D. Jacobson, T. A. Nicklas, P. Guilday, and D. Styne Assessment of Child and Adolescent Overweight and Obesity Pediatrics, December 1, 2007; 120(Supplement_4): S193 - S228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. H Epstein, K. K Dearing, R. A Paluch, J. N Roemmich, and D. Cho Price and maternal obesity influence purchasing of low- and high-energy-dense foods Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2007; 86(4): 914 - 922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. V. Kral, A. J Stunkard, R. I Berkowitz, V. A Stallings, D. D Brown, and M. S Faith Daily food intake in relation to dietary energy density in the free-living environment: a prospective analysis of children born at different risk of obesity Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2007; 86(1): 41 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Guallar-Castillon, F. Rodriguez-Artalejo, N. S. Fornes, J. R Banegas, P. A. Etxezarreta, E. Ardanaz, A. Barricarte, M.-D. Chirlaque, M. D. Iraeta, N. L. Larranaga, et al. Intake of fried foods is associated with obesity in the cohort of Spanish adults from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2007; 86(1): 198 - 205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A Ello-Martin, L. S Roe, J. H Ledikwe, A. M Beach, and B. J Rolls Dietary energy density in the treatment of obesity: a year-long trial comparing 2 weight-loss diets Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2007; 85(6): 1465 - 1477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H Ledikwe, B. J Rolls, H. Smiciklas-Wright, D. C Mitchell, J. D Ard, C. Champagne, N. Karanja, P.-H. Lin, V. J Stevens, and L. J Appel Reductions in dietary energy density are associated with weight loss in overweight and obese participants in the PREMIER trial Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2007; 85(5): 1212 - 1221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. C. Howarth, S. P. Murphy, L. R. Wilkens, J. H. Hankin, and L. N. Kolonel Dietary Energy Density Is Associated with Overweight Status among 5 Ethnic Groups in the Multiethnic Cohort Study J. Nutr., August 1, 2006; 136(8): 2243 - 2248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. L Johnson and L. A Taylor-Holloway Non-Hispanic white and Hispanic elementary school children's self-regulation of energy intake Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2006; 83(6): 1276 - 1282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H Ledikwe, H. M Blanck, L. Kettel Khan, M. K Serdula, J. D Seymour, B. C Tohill, and B. J Rolls Dietary energy density is associated with energy intake and weight status in US adults Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2006; 83(6): 1362 - 1368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J Rolls, L. S Roe, and J. S Meengs Reductions in portion size and energy density of foods are additive and lead to sustained decreases in energy intake Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2006; 83(1): 11 - 17. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Isganaitis and R. H. Lustig Fast Food, Central Nervous System Insulin Resistance, and Obesity Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2005; 25(12): 2451 - 2462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A Ello-Martin, J. H Ledikwe, and B. J Rolls The influence of food portion size and energy density on energy intake: implications for weight management Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2005; 82(1): 236S - 241S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H. Ledikwe, J. A. Ello-Martin, and B. J. Rolls Portion Sizes and the Obesity Epidemic J. Nutr., April 1, 2005; 135(4): 905 - 909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H. Ledikwe, H. M. Blanck, L. K. Khan, M. K. Serdula, J. D. Seymour, B. C. Tohill, and B. J. Rolls Dietary Energy Density Determined by Eight Calculation Methods in a Nationally Representative United States Population J. Nutr., February 1, 2005; 135(2): 273 - 278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. B. Ebbeling, K. B. Sinclair, M. A. Pereira, E. Garcia-Lago, H. A. Feldman, and D. S. Ludwig Compensation for Energy Intake From Fast Food Among Overweight and Lean Adolescents JAMA, June 16, 2004; 291(23): 2828 - 2833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. V. Kral, L. S Roe, and B. J Rolls Combined effects of energy density and portion size on energy intake in women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 962 - 968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. C. Woods, R. J. Seeley, P. A. Rushing, D. D'Alessio, and P. Tso A Controlled High-Fat Diet Induces an Obese Syndrome in Rats J. Nutr., April 1, 2003; 133(4): 1081 - 1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. B Racette, S. S Deusinger, and R. H Deusinger Obesity: Overview of Prevalence, Etiology, and Treatment Physical Therapy, March 1, 2003; 83(3): 276 - 288. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. A. Bowman and J. T. Spence A Comparison of Low-Carbohydrate vs. High-Carbohydrate Diets: Energy Restriction, Nutrient Quality and Correlation to Body Mass Index J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2002; 21(3): 268 - 274. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-M. G Wilson, R. Purushothaman, and J. E Morley Effect of liquid dietary supplements on energy intake in the elderly Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2002; 75(5): 944 - 947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. A Bell and B. J Rolls Energy density of foods affects energy intake across multiple levels of fat content in lean and obese women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2001; 73(6): 1010 - 1018. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Raeini-Sarjaz, C. A Vanstone, A. A Papamandjaris, L. J Wykes, and P. J. Jones Comparison of the effect of dietary fat restriction with that of energy restriction on human lipid metabolism Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2001; 73(2): 262 - 267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. M. Krauss, R. H. Eckel, B. Howard, L. J. Appel, S. R. Daniels, R. J. Deckelbaum, J. W. Erdman Jr, P. Kris-Etherton, I. J. Goldberg, T. A. Kotchen, et al. AHA Scientific Statement: AHA Dietary Guidelines: Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association J. Nutr., January 1, 2001; 131(1): 132 - 146. [Full Text]

				R. M. Krauss, R. H. Eckel, B. Howard, L. J. Appel, S. R. Daniels, R. J. Deckelbaum, J. W. Erdman Jr, P. Kris-Etherton, I. J. Goldberg, T. A. Kotchen, et al. AHA Dietary Guidelines : Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association Stroke, November 1, 2000; 31(11): 2751 - 2766. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. M. Krauss, R. H. Eckel, B. Howard, L. J. Appel, S. R. Daniels, R. J. Deckelbaum, J. W. Erdman Jr, P. Kris-Etherton, I. J. Goldberg, T. A. Kotchen, et al. AHA Dietary Guidelines : Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association Circulation, October 31, 2000; 102(18): 2284 - 2299. [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J. Rolls The Role of Energy Density in the Overconsumption of Fat J. Nutr., February 1, 2000; 130(2): 268 - 268. [Abstract] [Full Text]