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Original Research Communications |
-Tocopherol supplementation decreases production of superoxide and cytokines by leukocytes ex vivo in both normolipidemic and hypertriglyceridemic individuals1,2
1 From the Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Background: 
-Tocopherol plays an important role in protecting LDL against oxidation. However, additional effects of -tocopherol at the intracellular level may contribute to the clinical outcome of intervention studies.
Objective: We investigated whether -tocopherol influences the inflammatory responses of immune cells in normolipidemic and hypertriglyceridemic subjects.
Design: RRR--Tocopherol was administered for 6 wk at a dose of 600 IU (402 mg)/d to 12 primary hypertriglyceridemic and 8 normolipidemic (fasting triacylglycerol >3.0 and <2.0 mmol/L, respectively) subjects. Cytokine production [tumor necrosis factor (TNF-), interleukin (IL)-1ß, and IL-8] by mononuclear cells and superoxide production by polymorphonuclear cells and in diluted whole blood were determined before and after the intervention.
Results: Cytokine and superoxide production did not differ significantly between hypertriglyceridemic and normolipidemic subjects. -Tocopherol supplementation resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increase in the concentration of -tocopherol in plasma and LDL. Whereas superoxide production in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate decreased in all subjects, response to oxidized LDL increased in 19 of 20 subjects. Response to opsonized zymosan before -tocopherol supplementation was not significantly different from that after supplementation. Lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production by mononuclear cells decreased after supplementation with -tocopherol.
Conclusions: -Tocopherol differentially influences inflammatory responses of immune cells. These effects of -tocopherol may be relevant in chronic inflammatory processes such as atherogenesis.
Key Words: -Tocopherol • superoxide • chemiluminescence • cytokines • oxidized LDL • hypertriglyceridemia • men • reactive oxygen species • antioxidants
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