| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Original Research Communications |
1 From the Departments of Nutrition Sciences, Human Studies, Biostatistics and Biomathematics, and Critical and Diagnostic Care and the General Clinical Research Center, the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Background: The prevalence of obesity is higher in black than in white women. Differences in energy economy and physical activity may contribute to this difference.
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare free-living energy expenditure and physical activity in black and white women before and after weight loss.
Design: Participants were 18 white and 14 black women with body mass indexes (in kg/m2) between 27 and 30. Diet, without exercise, was used to achieve a weight loss of 
10 kg and a body mass index <25. After 4 wk of energy balance in overweight and normal-weight states, body composition was assessed by using a 4-compartment model, sleeping and resting energy expenditures were assessed by using a chamber calorimeter, physiologic stress of exercise and exercise economy were measured by using standardized exercise tasks, and daily energy expenditure was assessed by using doubly labeled water.
Results: Weight loss averaged 12.8 kg. Sleeping and resting energy expenditures decreased in proportion to changes in body composition. Weight reduction significantly improved physiologic capacity for exercise in both groups of women, making it easier for them to be physically active. Black women had lower body composition–adjusted energy requirements than did white women—both before and after weight loss—during sleep (9% lower, 519 kJ/d; P < 0.001), at rest (14% lower, 879 kJ/d; P < 0.001), during exercise (6% lower; P < 0.05), and as a daily total (9% lower, 862 kJ/d; P < 0.06). By contrast, free-living physical activity was similar between the groups.
Conclusions: Weight-reduced women had metabolic rates appropriate for their body sizes. Black women had lower resting and nonresting energy requirements in both overweight and normal-weight states than did white women and did not compensate with greater physical activity, potentially predisposing them to greater weight regain.
Key Words: Overweight • obesity • weight loss • body composition • energy expenditure • aerobic capacity • energy economy • physical activity • exercise • African American women • white women
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. D Hall and P. N Jordan Modeling weight-loss maintenance to help prevent body weight regain Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2008; 88(6): 1495 - 1503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Rosenbaum, J. Hirsch, D. A Gallagher, and R. L Leibel Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body weight Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2008; 88(4): 906 - 912. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. B. Dokken and T.-S. Tsao The Physiology of Body Weight Regulation: Are We Too Efficient for Our Own Good? Diabetes Spectr, July 1, 2007; 20(3): 166 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B Heymsfield, J. B Harp, M. L Reitman, J. W Beetsch, D. A Schoeller, N. Erondu, and A. Pietrobelli Why do obese patients not lose more weight when treated with low-calorie diets? A mechanistic perspective Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2007; 85(2): 346 - 354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. R. Hunter, D. E. Larson-Meyer, B. Sirikul, and B. R. Newcomer Muscle metabolic function and free-living physical activity J Appl Physiol, November 1, 2006; 101(5): 1356 - 1361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. Roffey, N. M. Byrne, and A. P. Hills Day-to-Day Variance in Measurement of Resting Metabolic Rate Using Ventilated-Hood and Mouthpiece & Nose-Clip Indirect Calorimetry Systems JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, September 1, 2006; 30(5): 426 - 432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. K. Heilbronn, L. de Jonge, M. I. Frisard, J. P. DeLany, D. E. Larson-Meyer, J. Rood, T. Nguyen, C. K. Martin, J. Volaufova, M. M. Most, et al. Effect of 6-Month Calorie Restriction on Biomarkers of Longevity, Metabolic Adaptation, and Oxidative Stress in Overweight Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA, April 5, 2006; 295(13): 1539 - 1548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C Walsh, G. R Hunter, B. Sirikul, and B. A Gower Comparison of self-reported with objectively assessed energy expenditure in black and white women before and after weight loss Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 1013 - 1019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lazzer, Y. Boirie, A. Bitar, C. Montaurier, J. Vernet, M. Meyer, and M. Vermorel Assessment of energy expenditure associated with physical activities in free-living obese and nonobese adolescents Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2003; 78(3): 471 - 479. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Rosenbaum, K. Vandenborne, R. Goldsmith, J.-A. Simoneau, S. Heymsfield, D. R. Joanisse, J. Hirsch, E. Murphy, D. Matthews, K. R. Segal, et al. Effects of experimental weight perturbation on skeletal muscle work efficiency in human subjects Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): R183 - R192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L Weinsier, G. R Hunter, Y. Schutz, P. A Zuckerman, and B. E Darnell Physical activity in free-living, overweight white and black women: divergent responses by race to diet-induced weight loss Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2002; 76(4): 736 - 742. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L Weinsier, G. R Hunter, R. A Desmond, N. M Byrne, P. A Zuckerman, and B. E Darnell Free-living activity energy expenditure in women successful and unsuccessful at maintaining a normal body weight Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2002; 75(3): 499 - 504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Djuric, S. Lababidi, L. K. Heilbrun, J. B. Depper, K. M. Poore, and V. E. Uhley Effect of Low-Fat and/or Low-Energy Diets on Anthropometric Measures in Participants of the Women's Diet Study J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 2002; 21(1): 38 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C Lovejoy, C. M Champagne, S. R Smith, L. de Jonge, and H. Xie Ethnic differences in dietary intakes, physical activity, and energy expenditure in middle-aged, premenopausal women: the Healthy Transitions Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2001; 74(1): 90 - 95. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L. Weinsier Etiology of Obesity: Methodological Examination of the Set-Point Theory JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, May 1, 2001; 25(3): 103 - 110. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Weinsier, G. Hunter, and Y. Schutz Metabolic response to weight loss Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2001; 73(3): 655 - 657. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Rosenbaum and R. L Leibel Reply to R Weinsier et al Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2001; 73(3): 657 - 658. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L Weinsier, T. R Nagy, G. R Hunter, B. E Darnell, D. D Hensrud, and H. L Weiss Do adaptive changes in metabolic rate favor weight regain in weight-reduced individuals? An examination of the set-point theory Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2000; 72(5): 1088 - 1094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
