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Original Research Communications |
1 From the Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and the Center for Designing Foods to Improve Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, and The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati.
Background: Evidence indicates that different types of fat have different effects on the postprandial plasma triacylglycerol response. Therefore, the type of fat may influence the appearance of ß-carotene in postprandial triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins, which is used as an indicator of intestinal ß-carotene absorption.
Objective: We compared in female subjects the appearance of ß-carotene in plasma triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins after ß-carotene was ingested with a meal containing sunflower oil or beef tallow.
Design: Women (n = 11) each ingested 2 different vitamin A–free, fat-rich meals that were supplemented with ß-carotene (47 µmol) and contained equivalent amounts (60 g) of sunflower oil or beef tallow. Blood samples were collected hourly from 0 to 10 h; additional samples were collected at selected intervals until 528 h. In a subgroup of the women (n = 7), plasma chylomicrons and 3 subfractions of VLDLs were separated by cumulative rate ultracentrifugation.
Results: The appearance of ß-carotene in chylomicrons and in each VLDL subfraction was lower after ingestion with the meal containing sunflower oil than after ingestion with the meal containing beef tallow (P < 0.03). In chylomicrons, the area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUC) for ß-carotene was 38.1 ± 13.6% lower (P < 0.03); in contrast, the AUC for triacylglycerol was higher (P < 0.05) after the sunflower-oil-rich meal than after the beef-tallow-rich meal.
Conclusions: Ingestion of ß-carotene with a meal rich in sunflower oil as compared with a meal rich in beef tallow results in lower appearance of ß-carotene and greater appearance of triacylglycerol in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins.
Key Words: ß-carotene • beef tallow • bioavailability • chylomicrons • fat • intestinal absorption • polyunsaturated fat • postprandial • retinyl esters • saturated fat • sunflower oil • triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins • very-low-density lipoproteins • VLDLs
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