| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Original Research Communications |
1 From the Department of Nutrition, the University of California, Davis; the Sacramento Medical Foundation, the Center for Blood Research, Sacramento, CA; the Department of Hematology and Oncology and the Department of Pathology, the University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA; and Mars Incorporated, Hackettstown, NJ.
Background: Epidemiologic studies have shown inverse associations between dietary polyphenols and mortality from coronary heart disease. However, the basis for this protective association is uncertain. Food polyphenols reportedly have antioxidant properties and decrease platelet function in vitro.
Objective: This study sought to evaluate whether consumption of a polyphenol-rich cocoa beverage modulates human platelet activation and primary hemostasis.
Design: Peripheral blood was obtained from 30 healthy subjects before and 2 and 6 h after ingestion of a cocoa beverage (n = 10), a caffeine-containing control beverage (n = 10), or water (n = 10). Platelet activation was measured in terms of expression of activation-dependent platelet antigens and platelet microparticle formation by using fluorescent-labeled monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. Primary platelet-related hemostasis was measured with a platelet function analyzer.
Results: Ex vivo epinephrine- or ADP-stimulated expression of the fibrinogen-binding conformation of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa was lower 2 and 6 h after consumption of cocoa than before consumption. Cocoa consumption also decreased ADP-stimulated P-selectin expression. In contrast, epinephrine-induced platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa expression increased after consumption of the caffeine-containing beverage but not after water consumption. Platelet microparticle formation decreased 2 and 6 h after cocoa consumption but increased after caffeine and water consumption. Primary hemostasis in response to epinephrine in vitro was inhibited 6 h after cocoa consumption. The caffeine-containing beverage inhibited ADP-induced primary hemostasis 2 and 6 h after consumption.
Conclusions: Cocoa consumption suppressed ADP- or epinephrine-stimulated platelet activation and platelet microparticle formation. Cocoa consumption had an aspirin-like effect on primary hemostasis.
Key Words: Cocoa beverage • chocolate • platelet activation • platelet glycoprotein • glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex • P-selectin • CD62P • whole-blood flow cytometry • platelet function tests • blood coagulation • hemostasis • cardiovascular disease • dietary polyphenols
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R. Corti, A. J. Flammer, N. K. Hollenberg, and T. F. Luscher Cocoa and Cardiovascular Health Circulation, March 17, 2009; 119(10): 1433 - 1441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W D. Crews Jr, D. W Harrison, and J. W Wright A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of the effects of dark chocolate and cocoa on variables associated with neuropsychological functioning and cardiovascular health: clinical findings from a sample of healthy, cognitively intact older adults Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2008; 87(4): 872 - 880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. R. Allen, L. Carson, C. Kwik-Uribe, E. M. Evans, and J. W. Erdman Jr Daily Consumption of a Dark Chocolate Containing Flavanols and Added Sterol Esters Affects Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Normotensive Population with Elevated Cholesterol J. Nutr., April 1, 2008; 138(4): 725 - 731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J Mink, C. G Scrafford, L. M Barraj, L. Harnack, C.-P. Hong, J. A Nettleton, and D. R Jacobs Jr Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2007; 85(3): 895 - 909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Alspach THE TRUTH IS OFTEN BITTERSWEET...: CHOCOLATE DOES A HEART GOOD Crit. Care Nurse, February 1, 2007; 27(1): 11 - 15. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. P. Kenny, C. L. Keen, H. H. Schmitz, and M. E. Gershwin Immune Effects of Cocoa Procyanidin Oligomers on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Experimental Biology and Medicine, February 1, 2007; 232(2): 293 - 300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. B. Park and N. Schoene Clovamide-Type Phenylpropenoic Acid Amides, N-Coumaroyldopamine and N-Caffeoyldopamine, Inhibit Platelet-Leukocyte Interactions via Suppressing P-Selectin Expression J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., May 1, 2006; 317(2): 813 - 819. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M. Lamuela-Raventos, A. I. Romero-Perez, C. Andres-Lacueva, and A. Tornero Review: Health Effects of Cocoa Flavonoids Food Science and Technology International, June 1, 2005; 11(3): 159 - 176. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. B. Park N-Coumaroyldopamine and N-caffeoyldopamine increase cAMP via beta 2-adrenoceptors in myelocytic U937 cells FASEB J, April 1, 2005; 19(6): 497 - 502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L Keen, R. R Holt, P. I Oteiza, C. G Fraga, and H. H Schmitz Cocoa antioxidants and cardiovascular health Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2005; 81(1): 298S - 303S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. B. Engler, M. M. Engler, C. Y. Chen, M. J. Malloy, A. Browne, E. Y. Chiu, H.-K. Kwak, P. Milbury, S. M. Paul, J. Blumberg, et al. Flavonoid-Rich Dark Chocolate Improves Endothelial Function and Increases Plasma Epicatechin Concentrations in Healthy Adults J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2004; 23(3): 197 - 204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Takano, N. Osakabe, C. Sanbongi, R. Yanagisawa, K.-I. Inoue, A. Yasuda, M. Natsume, S. Baba, E.-I. Ichiishi, and T. Yoshikawa Extract of Perilla frutescens Enriched for Rosmarinic Acid, a Polyphenolic Phytochemical, Inhibits Seasonal Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis in Humans Experimental Biology and Medicine, March 1, 2004; 229(3): 247 - 254. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. P. Kenny, C. L. Keen, P. Jones, H.-J. Kung, H. H. Schmitz, and M. E. Gershwin Pentameric Procyanidins Isolated from Theobroma cacao Seeds Selectively Downregulate ErbB2 in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells Experimental Biology and Medicine, March 1, 2004; 229(3): 255 - 263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. J Murphy, A. K Chronopoulos, I. Singh, M. A Francis, H. Moriarty, M. J Pike, A. H Turner, N. J Mann, and A. J Sinclair Dietary flavanols and procyanidin oligomers from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) inhibit platelet function Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2003; 77(6): 1466 - 1473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Y Rios, M.-P. Gonthier, C. Remesy, I. Mila, C. Lapierre, S. A Lazarus, G. Williamson, and A. Scalbert Chocolate intake increases urinary excretion of polyphenol-derived phenolic acids in healthy human subjects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2003; 77(4): 912 - 918. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.K. Mao, J. Van De Water, C.L. Keen, H.H. Schmitz, and M.E. Gershwin Cocoa Flavonols and Procyanidins Promote Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 Homeostasis in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Experimental Biology and Medicine, January 1, 2003; 228(1): 93 - 99. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Y Rios, R. N Bennett, S. A Lazarus, C. Remesy, A. Scalbert, and G. Williamson Cocoa procyanidins are stable during gastric transit in humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2002; 76(5): 1106 - 1110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R Holt, S. A Lazarus, M C. Sullards, Q. Y. Zhu, D. D Schramm, J. F Hammerstone, C. G Fraga, H. H Schmitz, and C. L Keen Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4{beta}-8)-epicatechin] in human plasma after the consumption of a flavanol-rich cocoa Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2002; 76(4): 798 - 804. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Schewe, H. Kuhn, and H. Sies Flavonoids of Cocoa Inhibit Recombinant Human 5-Lipoxygenase J. Nutr., July 1, 2002; 132(7): 1825 - 1829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Y. Zhu, R. R. Holt, S. A. Lazarus, T. J. Orozco, and C. L. Keen Inhibitory Effects of Cocoa Flavanols and Procyanidin Oligomers on Free Radical-Induced Erythrocyte Hemolysis Experimental Biology and Medicine, May 1, 2002; 227(5): 321 - 329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. R. Holt, D. D. Schramm, C. L. Keen, S. A. Lazarus, and H. H. Schmitz Chocolate Consumption and Platelet Function JAMA, May 1, 2002; 287(17): 2212 - 2213. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. A. Hyson, T. G. Paglieroni, T. Wun, and J. C. Rutledge Postprandial Lipemia is Associated With Platelet and Monocyte Activation and Increased Monocyte Cytokine Expression in Normolipemic Men Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, April 1, 2002; 8(2): 147 - 155. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J Nestel How good is chocolate? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2001; 74(5): 563 - 564. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Wan, J. A Vinson, T. D Etherton, J. Proch, S. A Lazarus, and P. M Kris-Etherton Effects of cocoa powder and dark chocolate on LDL oxidative susceptibility and prostaglandin concentrations in humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2001; 74(5): 596 - 602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L. Keen Chocolate: Food as Medicine/Medicine as Food J. Am. Coll. Nutr., October 1, 2001; 20(90005): 436S - 439. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J. Duffy, J. A. Vita, M. Holbrook, P. L. Swerdloff, and J. F. Keaney Jr Effect of Acute and Chronic Tea Consumption on Platelet Aggregation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2001; 21(6): 1084 - 1089. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. D Schramm, J. F Wang, R. R Holt, J. L Ensunsa, J. L Gonsalves, S. A Lazarus, H. H Schmitz, J B. German, and C. L Keen Chocolate procyanidins decrease the leukotriene-prostacyclin ratio in humans and human aortic endothelial cells Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2001; 73(1): 36 - 40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
