| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Perspectives |
1 From the LOCUS for Homocysteine and Related Vitamins, Armauer Hansens hus, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle.
ABSTRACT
Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is a risk factor for occlusive cardiovascular disease (CVD). This concept is based on the observations of premature vascular disease in patients with homocystinuria, the relation between tHcy and both clinical CVD as well as preclinical atherosclerotic disease, the relation between tHcy in children and CVD in their parents or relatives, and reduction in CVD or surrogate endpoints after tHcy-lowering intervention with B vitamins. Plausible mechanisms include the in vivo interference with nitric oxide–dependent reactive vasodilatation. Some observations have raised questions about tHcy as a risk factor. 1) Some prospective studies showed a weak relation or no relation between tHcy and CVD. 2) Several traditional risk factors are associated with tHcy and may confound the relation between tHcy and CVD. 3) tHcy is related to renal function, and hyperhomocysteinemia may reflect early nephrosclerosis. 4) The C677T transition of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene causes a moderate increase in tHcy but no or only minor increased CVD risk. However, the strength of some of these arguments can be questioned because there is increasing evidence that tHcy is a proximate risk factor provoking the acute event, it strongly interacts with traditional risk factors, and it may predict CVD or death in patients with chronic renal failure. Furthermore, the studies of the C677T polymorphism lack statistical power, and the TT genotype may even modulate CVD risk independently of homocysteine. Thus, only placebo-controlled intervention studies with tHcy-lowering B vitamins and clinical endpoints can provide additional valid arguments for the debate over whether tHcy is a causal CVD risk factor.
Key Words: Homocysteine • cardiovascular disease • methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism • renal • nephrosclerosis
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. Antoniades, C. Shirodaria, P. Leeson, O. A. Baarholm, T. Van-Assche, C. Cunnington, R. Pillai, C. Ratnatunga, D. Tousoulis, C. Stefanadis, et al. MTHFR 677 C>T Polymorphism Reveals Functional Importance for 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, Not Homocysteine, in Regulation of Vascular Redox State and Endothelial Function in Human Atherosclerosis Circulation, May 12, 2009; 119(18): 2507 - 2515. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. M. Schwartzfarb and P. Romanelli Hyperhomocysteinemia and Lower Extremity Wounds International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds, September 1, 2008; 7(3): 126 - 136. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Liu, Q. Wang, H. Guo, M. Xia, Q. Yuan, Y. Hu, H. Zhu, M. Hou, J. Ma, Z. Tang, et al. Plasma S-Adenosylhomocysteine Is a Better Biomarker of Atherosclerosis Than Homocysteine in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Fed High Dietary Methionine J. Nutr., February 1, 2008; 138(2): 311 - 315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Colgan and R. C. Austin Homocysteinylation of Metallothionein Impairs Intracellular Redox Homeostasis: The Enemy Within! Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., January 1, 2007; 27(1): 8 - 11. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A Pezzini, M Grassi, E Del Zotto, D Assanelli, S Archetti, R Negrini, L Caimi, and A Padovani Interaction of homocysteine and conventional predisposing factors on risk of ischaemic stroke in young people: consistency in phenotype-disease analysis and genotype-disease analysis J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, October 1, 2006; 77(10): 1150 - 1156. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. O'Kennedy, L. Crosbie, S. Whelan, V. Luther, G. Horgan, J. I Broom, D. J Webb, and A. K Duttaroy Effects of tomato extract on platelet function: a double-blinded crossover study in healthy humans. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2006; 84(3): 561 - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. K. Tso, W.-N. Huang, H.-Y. Huang, and C.-K. Chang Relationship of plasma interleukin-18 concentrations to traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Rheumatology, September 1, 2006; 45(9): 1148 - 1153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Selhub The Many Facets of Hyperhomocysteinemia: Studies from the Framingham Cohorts J. Nutr., June 1, 2006; 136(6): 1726S - 1730S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. J. Kullo, G. Li, L. F. Bielak, K. R. Bailey, P. F. Sheedy II, P. A. Peyser, S. T. Turner, and S. L. R. Kardia Association of Plasma Homocysteine With Coronary Artery Calcification in Different Categories of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Mayo Clin. Proc., February 1, 2006; 81(2): 177 - 182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J Lewis, S. Ebrahim, and G. Davey Smith Meta-analysis of MTHFR 677C->T polymorphism and coronary heart disease: does totality of evidence support causal role for homocysteine and preventive potential of folate? BMJ, November 5, 2005; 331(7524): 1053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T K Tso, W-N Huang, H-Y Huang, and C-K Chang Association of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity with cardiovascular risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, November 1, 2005; 14(11): 878 - 883. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Windelberg, O. Arseth, G. Kvalheim, and P. M. Ueland Automated Assay for the Determination of Methylmalonic Acid, Total Homocysteine, and Related Amino Acids in Human Serum or Plasma by Means of Methylchloroformate Derivatization and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Clin. Chem., November 1, 2005; 51(11): 2103 - 2109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Cravo Alcohol, methylenetetrahydrofolate 677C->T genotype, and low folate intake: concurrent causes for hyperhomocysteinemia Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2005; 82(1): 3 - 4. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Cronin, K. L. Furie, and P. J. Kelly Dose-Related Association of MTHFR 677T Allele With Risk of Ischemic Stroke: Evidence From a Cumulative Meta-Analysis Stroke, July 1, 2005; 36(7): 1581 - 1587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Nakano, F. A. Taiwo, D. Nugent, H. R. Griffiths, S. Aldred, M. Paisi, M. Kwok, P. Bhatt, M. H. E. Hill, S. Moat, et al. Downstream effects on human low density lipoprotein of homocysteine exported from endothelial cells in an in vitro system J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2005; 46(3): 484 - 493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Papoutsakis, N. Yiannakouris, Y. Manios, E. Papaconstantinou, F. Magkos, K. H. Schulpis, A. Zampelas, and A. L. Matalas Plasma Homocysteine Concentrations in Greek Children Are Influenced by an Interaction between the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Genotype and Folate Status J. Nutr., March 1, 2005; 135(3): 383 - 388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Hustad, B. G Nedrebo, P. M. Ueland, J. Schneede, S. E. Vollset, A. Ulvik, and E. A Lien Phenotypic expression of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C->T polymorphism and flavin cofactor availability in thyroid dysfunction Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2004; 80(4): 1050 - 1057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Verhoef, G. R Steenge, E. Boelsma, T. van Vliet, M. R Olthof, and M. B Katan Dietary serine and cystine attenuate the homocysteine-raising effect of dietary methionine: a randomized crossover trial in humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2004; 80(3): 674 - 679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Quadri, C. Fragiacomo, R. Pezzati, E. Zanda, G. Forloni, M. Tettamanti, and U. Lucca Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B-12 in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2004; 80(1): 114 - 122. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Nurk, G. S Tell, S. E Vollset, O. Nygard, H. Refsum, R. M Nilsen, and P. M Ueland Changes in lifestyle and plasma total homocysteine: the Hordaland Homocysteine Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2004; 79(5): 812 - 819. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Gao, O. I. Bermudez, and K. L. Tucker Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Homocysteine Concentrations Are Related to Frequent Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Elders J. Nutr., April 1, 2004; 134(4): 913 - 918. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Melse-Boonstra, C. E West, M. B Katan, F. J Kok, and P. Verhoef Bioavailability of heptaglutamyl relative to monoglutamyl folic acid in healthy adults Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2004; 79(3): 424 - 429. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Refsum, A. D. Smith, P. M. Ueland, E. Nexo, R. Clarke, J. McPartlin, C. Johnston, F. Engbaek, J. Schneede, C. McPartlin, et al. Facts and Recommendations about Total Homocysteine Determinations: An Expert Opinion Clin. Chem., January 1, 2004; 50(1): 3 - 32. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Lim, S. Sengupta, M. E. McComb, R. Theberge, W. G. Wilson, C. E. Costello, and D. W. Jacobsen In Vitro and in Vivo Interactions of Homocysteine with Human Plasma Transthyretin J. Biol. Chem., December 12, 2003; 278(50): 49707 - 49713. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Troen, E. Lutgens, D. E. Smith, I. H. Rosenberg, and J. Selhub The atherogenic effect of excess methionine intake PNAS, December 9, 2003; 100(25): 15089 - 15094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Olthof, T. van Vliet, E. Boelsma, and P. Verhoef Low Dose Betaine Supplementation Leads to Immediate and Long Term Lowering of Plasma Homocysteine in Healthy Men and Women J. Nutr., December 1, 2003; 133(12): 4135 - 4138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. D. Spotila, P. F. Jacques, P. B. Berger, K. V. Ballman, R. C. Ellison, and R. Rozen Age Dependence of the Influence of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Genotype on Plasma Homocysteine Level Am. J. Epidemiol., November 1, 2003; 158(9): 871 - 877. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Gao, M. Yao, M. A. McCrory, G. Ma, Y. Li, S. B. Roberts, and K. L. Tucker Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Homocysteine and B Vitamin Status in an Urban Chinese Population J. Nutr., November 1, 2003; 133(11): 3636 - 3642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Joshi, S. Rao, A. Golwilkar, M. Patwardhan, and R. Bhonde Fish Oil Supplementation of Rats during Pregnancy Reduces Adult Disease Risks in Their Offspring J. Nutr., October 1, 2003; 133(10): 3170 - 3174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Anguera, J. R. Suh, H. Ghandour, I. M. Nasrallah, J. Selhub, and P. J. Stover Methenyltetrahydrofolate Synthetase Regulates Folate Turnover and Accumulation J. Biol. Chem., August 8, 2003; 278(32): 29856 - 29862. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Bjorke Monsen and P. M. Ueland Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in diagnosis and risk assessment from infancy to adolescence Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2003; 78(1): 7 - 21. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Liem, G. H. Reynierse-Buitenwerf, A. H. Zwinderman, J. W. Jukema, and D. J. van Veldhuisen Secondary prevention with folic acid: effects on clinical outcomes J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 18, 2003; 41(12): 2105 - 2113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. El-Khairy, S. E. Vollset, H. Refsum, and P. M. Ueland Plasma Total Cysteine, Mortality, and Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalizations: The Hordaland Homocysteine Study Clin. Chem., June 1, 2003; 49(6): 895 - 900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. V. van Oort, A. Melse-Boonstra, I. A Brouwer, R. Clarke, C. E West, M. B Katan, and P. Verhoef Folic acid and reduction of plasma homocysteine concentrations in older adults: a dose-response study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2003; 77(5): 1318 - 1323. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Girelli, N. Martinelli, F. Pizzolo, S. Friso, O. Olivieri, C. Stranieri, E. Trabetti, G. Faccini, E. Tinazzi, P. F. Pignatti, et al. The Interaction between MTHFR 677 C->T Genotype and Folate Status Is a Determinant of Coronary Atherosclerosis Risk J. Nutr., May 1, 2003; 133(5): 1281 - 1285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. R. Steenge, P. Verhoef, and M. B. Katan Betaine Supplementation Lowers Plasma Homocysteine in Healthy Men and Women J. Nutr., May 1, 2003; 133(5): 1291 - 1295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kohara, M. Fujisawa, F. Ando, Y. Tabara, N. Niino, T. Miki, and H. Shimokata MTHFR Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Silent Brain Infarcts and White Matter Lesions in the Japanese General Population: The NILS-LSA Study Stroke, May 1, 2003; 34(5): 1130 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q. Shi, J. E. Savage, S. J. Hufeisen, L. Rauser, E. Grajkowska, P. Ernsberger, J. T. Wroblewski, J. H. Nadeau, and B. L. Roth L-Homocysteine Sulfinic Acid and Other Acidic Homocysteine Derivatives Are Potent and Selective Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Agonists J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 2003; 305(1): 131 - 142. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. de Bree, W. M. Verschuren, A.-L. Bjorke-Monsen, N. M. van der Put, S. G Heil, F. J. Trijbels, and H. J Blom Effect of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C->T mutation on the relations among folate intake and plasma folate and homocysteine concentrations in a general population sample Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2003; 77(3): 687 - 693. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. B. Fallon, Y. Ben-Shlomo, P.J. Kelly, J. Rosand, V. Shih, J. Kistler, and K.L. Furie Homocysteine, MTHFR 677C->T polymorphism, and risk of ischemic stroke: Results of a meta-analysis Neurology, February 11, 2003; 60(3): 526 - 527. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Davey Smith and S. Ebrahim 'Mendelian randomization': can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease? Int. J. Epidemiol., February 1, 2003; 32(1): 1 - 22. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Carmel, R. Green, D. S. Rosenblatt, and D. Watkins Update on Cobalamin, Folate, and Homocysteine Hematology, January 1, 2003; 2003(1): 62 - 81. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Lim and P. A. Cassano Homocysteine and Blood Pressure in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 Am. J. Epidemiol., December 15, 2002; 156(12): 1105 - 1113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Verhoef, W. J Pasman, T. van Vliet, R. Urgert, and M. B Katan Contribution of caffeine to the homocysteine-raising effect of coffee: a randomized controlled trial in humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2002; 76(6): 1244 - 1248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. De Bree, W. M. M. Verschuren, D. Kromhout, L. A. J. Kluijtmans, and H. J. Blom Homocysteine Determinants and the Evidence to What Extent Homocysteine Determines the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Pharmacol. Rev., December 1, 2002; 54(4): 599 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. De Bree, W. M. Verschuren, D. Kromhout, L. I Mennen, H. J Blom, E. S Ford, S J. Smith, D. F Stroup, K. K Steinberg, P. W Mueller, et al. Homocysteine and coronary heart disease: the importance of a distinction between low and high risk subjects Int. J. Epidemiol., December 1, 2002; 31(6): 1268 - 1272. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Klerk, P. Verhoef, R. Clarke, H. J. Blom, F. J. Kok, E. G. Schouten, and and the MTHFR Studies Collaboration Group MTHFR 677C->T Polymorphism and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Meta-analysis JAMA, October 23, 2002; 288(16): 2023 - 2031. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. O'Callaghan, R. Meleady, T. Fitzgerald, I. Graham, and European COMAC group Smoking and plasma homocysteine Eur. Heart J., October 2, 2002; 23(20): 1580 - 1586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. J.A. Lievers, L. A. Afman, L. A.J. Kluijtmans, G. H.J. Boers, P. Verhoef, M. den Heijer, F. J.M. Trijbels, and H. J. Blom Polymorphisms in the Transcobalamin Gene: Association with Plasma Homocysteine in Healthy Individuals and Vascular Disease Patients Clin. Chem., September 1, 2002; 48(9): 1383 - 1389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Han, M. Xu, L. Tang, X. Tan, X. Tan, Y. Tan, and R. M. Hoffman Homogeneous, Nonradioactive, Enzymatic Assay for Plasma Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate Clin. Chem., September 1, 2002; 48(9): 1560 - 1564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Jakubowski Homocysteine Is a Protein Amino Acid in Humans. IMPLICATIONS FOR HOMOCYSTEINE-LINKED DISEASE J. Biol. Chem., August 16, 2002; 277(34): 30425 - 30428. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Weiss, C. Keller, U. Hoffmann, and J. Loscalzo Endothelial dysfunction and atherothrombosis in mild hyperhomocysteinemia Vascular Medicine, August 1, 2002; 7(3): 227 - 239. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. James, S. Melnyk, M. Pogribna, I. P. Pogribny, and M. A. Caudill Elevation in S-Adenosylhomocysteine and DNA Hypomethylation: Potential Epigenetic Mechanism for Homocysteine-Related Pathology J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2361S - 2366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Friso and S.-W. Choi Gene-Nutrient Interactions and DNA Methylation J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2382S - 2387. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Stover and C. Garza Bringing Individuality to Public Health Recommendations J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2476S - 2480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Infante-Rivard, G.-E. Rivard, W. V. Yotov, E. Genin, M. Guiguet, C. Weinberg, R. Gauthier, and J. C. Feoli-Fonseca Absence of Association of Thrombophilia Polymorphisms with Intrauterine Growth Restriction N. Engl. J. Med., July 4, 2002; 347(1): 19 - 25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Ashfield-Watt, C. H Pullin, J. M Whiting, Z. E Clark, S. J Moat, R. G Newcombe, M. L Burr, M. J Lewis, H. J Powers, and I. F. McDowell Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C->T genotype modulates homocysteine responses to a folate-rich diet or a low-dose folic acid supplement: a randomized controlled trial Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2002; 76(1): 180 - 186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Nurk, G. S. Tell, S. E. Vollset, O. Nygard, H. Refsum, and P. M. Ueland Plasma Total Homocysteine and Hospitalizations for Cardiovascular Disease: The Hordaland Homocysteine Study Arch Intern Med, June 24, 2002; 162(12): 1374 - 1381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.D. Kark, R. Sinnreich, I.H. Rosenberg, P.F. Jacques, and J. Selhub Plasma Homocysteine and Parental Myocardial Infarction in Young Adults in Jerusalem Circulation, June 11, 2002; 105(23): 2725 - 2729. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Melse-Boonstra, A. de Bree, P. Verhoef, A. L. Bjorke-Monsen, and W.M. M. Verschuren Dietary Monoglutamate and Polyglutamate Folate Are Associated with Plasma Folate Concentrations in Dutch Men and Women Aged 20-65 Years J. Nutr., June 1, 2002; 132(6): 1307 - 1312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. B. Feldman The Scientific Evidence for a Beneficial Health Relationship Between Walnuts and Coronary Heart Disease J. Nutr., May 1, 2002; 132(5): 1062S - 1101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Friso, S.-W. Choi, D. Girelli, J. B. Mason, G. G. Dolnikowski, P. J. Bagley, O. Olivieri, P. F. Jacques, I. H. Rosenberg, R. Corrocher, et al. A common mutation in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene affects genomic DNA methylation through an interaction with folate status PNAS, April 16, 2002; 99(8): 5606 - 5611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Murphy, E. Vilella, S. Ceruelo, L. Figuera, M. Sanchez, J. Camps, G. Cuco, N. Ferre, A. Labad, N. Tasevska, et al. The MTHFR C677T, APOE, and PON55 Gene Polymorphisms Show Relevant Interactions with Cardiovascular Risk Factors Clin. Chem., February 1, 2002; 48(2): 372 - 375. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Weiss, S. Heydrick, Y.-Y. Zhang, C. Bierl, A. Cap, and J. Loscalzo Cellular Redox State and Endothelial Dysfunction in Mildly Hyperhomocysteinemic Cystathionine {beta}-Synthase-Deficient Mice Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., January 1, 2002; 22(1): 34 - 41. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Scott Genetic diversity and disease: Opportunities and challenge PNAS, December 18, 2001; 98(26): 14754 - 14756. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Auer, R. Berent, B. Eber, S. Friso, P. F. Jacques, I. H. Rosenberg, J. Selhub, and P. W.F. Wilson Lack of Association of Increased C-Reactive Protein and Total Plasma Homocysteine Response Circulation, December 18, 2001; 104 (25): e164 - e164. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Sengupta, C. Wehbe, A. K. Majors, M. E. Ketterer, P. M. DiBello, and D. W. Jacobsen Relative Roles of Albumin and Ceruloplasmin in the Formation of Homocystine, Homocysteine-Cysteine-mixed Disulfide, and Cystine in Circulation J. Biol. Chem., December 7, 2001; 276(50): 46896 - 46904. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M Kerins, M. J Koury, A. Capdevila, S. Rana, and C. Wagner Plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine is a more sensitive indicator of cardiovascular disease than plasma homocysteine Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2001; 74(6): 723 - 729. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Yap, G. H.J. Boers, B. Wilcken, D. E.L. Wilcken, D. P. Brenton, P. J. Lee, J. H. Walter, P. M. Howard, and E. R. Naughten Vascular Outcome in Patients With Homocystinuria due to Cystathionine {beta}-Synthase Deficiency Treated Chronically: A Multicenter Observational Study Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2001; 21(12): 2080 - 2085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. J. Cuskelly, P. W. Stacpoole, J. Williamson, T. G. Baumgartner, and J. F. Gregory III Deficiencies of folate and vitamin B6 exert distinct effects on homocysteine, serine, and methionine kinetics Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2001; 281(6): E1182 - E1190. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Cattaneo, R. Lombardi, A. Lecchi, P. Bucciarelli, and P. M. Mannucci Low Plasma Levels of Vitamin B6 Are Independently Associated With a Heightened Risk of Deep-Vein Thrombosis Circulation, November 13, 2001; 104(20): 2442 - 2446. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Ulvik and P. M. Ueland Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Genotyping in Unprocessed Whole Blood and Serum by Real-Time PCR: Application to SNPs Affecting Homocysteine and Folate Metabolism Clin. Chem., November 1, 2001; 47(11): 2050 - 2053. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Caudill, J. C. Wang, S. Melnyk, I. P. Pogribny, S. Jernigan, M. D. Collins, J. Santos-Guzman, M. E. Swendseid, E. A. Cogger, and S. J. James Intracellular S-Adenosylhomocysteine Concentrations Predict Global DNA Hypomethylation in Tissues of Methyl-Deficient Cystathionine {beta}-Synthase Heterozygous Mice J. Nutr., November 1, 2001; 131(11): 2811 - 2818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Jakubowski Translational Accuracy of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases: Implications for Atherosclerosis J. Nutr., November 1, 2001; 131(11): 2983S - 2987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Weiss, Y.-Y. Zhang, S. Heydrick, C. Bierl, and J. Loscalzo Overexpression of cellular glutathione peroxidase rescues homocyst(e)ine-induced endothelial dysfunction PNAS, October 12, 2001; (2001) 231428998. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Voortman, A. Melse-Boonstra, J. M. Schulz, J. Burema, M. B. Katan, and P. Verhoef Optimal Time Interval between Repeated Blood Sampling for Measurements of Total Homocysteine in Healthy Individuals Clin. Chem., October 1, 2001; 47(10): 1839 - 1841. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. G. Bostom, J. Selhub, P. F. Jacques, and I. H. Rosenberg Power Shortage: Clinical Trials Testing the "Homocysteine Hypothesis" against a Background of Folic Acid-Fortified Cereal Grain Flour Ann Intern Med, July 17, 2001; 135(2): 133 - 137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. E. Vollset, H. Refsum, A. Tverdal, O. Nygard, J. E. Nordrehaug, G. S Tell, and P. M. Ueland Plasma total homocysteine and cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality: the Hordaland Homocysteine Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2001; 74(1): 130 - 136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Mills and L. England Food Fortification to Prevent Neural Tube Defects: Is It Working? JAMA, June 20, 2001; 285(23): 3022 - 3023. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Friso, P. F. Jacques, P. W.F. Wilson, I. H. Rosenberg, and J. Selhub Low Circulating Vitamin B6 Is Associated With Elevation of the Inflammation Marker C-Reactive Protein Independently of Plasma Homocysteine Levels Circulation, June 12, 2001; 103(23): 2788 - 2791. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Liaugaudas, P. F. Jacques, J. Selhub, I. H. Rosenberg, and A. G. Bostom Renal Insufficiency, Vitamin B12 Status, and Population Attributable Risk for Mild Hyperhomocysteinemia Among Coronary Artery Disease Patients in the Era of Folic Acid-Fortified Cereal Grain Flour Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., May 1, 2001; 21(5): 849 - 851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. E. Vollset, H. Refsum, and P. M. Ueland Population determinants of homocysteine Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2001; 73(3): 499 - 500. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Clarke Prevention of vitamin B-12 deficiency in old age Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2001; 73(2): 151 - 152. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M Scott Homocysteine and cardiovascular risk Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2000; 72(2): 333 - 334. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Friso, S.-W. Choi, D. Girelli, J. B. Mason, G. G. Dolnikowski, P. J. Bagley, O. Olivieri, P. F. Jacques, I. H. Rosenberg, R. Corrocher, et al. A common mutation in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene affects genomic DNA methylation through an interaction with folate status PNAS, April 16, 2002; 99(8): 5606 - 5611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Weiss, Y.-Y. Zhang, S. Heydrick, C. Bierl, and J. Loscalzo Overexpression of cellular glutathione peroxidase rescues homocyst(e)ine-induced endothelial dysfunction PNAS, October 23, 2001; 98(22): 12503 - 12508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
