| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Original Research Communications |
1 From the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, the Nutrition, Food, and Health Research Centre, King's College London; the Folkhalsan Research Center, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki; St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's, King's, and St Thomas' School of Medicine, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London; TNO-BIBRA International, Carshalton, United Kingdom; and the Northern Ireland Centre for Diet and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom.
Background: Oxidative damage to lipids may be involved in the etiology of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease in general, and cancer. The soy isoflavone phytoestrogens, genistein and daidzein, and equol (a daidzein metabolite produced by intestinal microflora) are antioxidants in vitro; equol is a particularly good inhibitor of LDL oxidation and membrane lipid peroxidation.
Objective: We sought to investigate the effects of a diet enriched with soy containing isoflavones on in vivo biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and resistance of LDL to oxidation, compared with a diet enriched with soy from which the isoflavones had been extracted.
Design: A randomized, crossover design was used to compare diets enriched with soy that was low or high in isoflavones in 24 subjects. Plasma concentrations of an F2-isoprostane, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2
(8-epi-PGF2), a biomarker of in vivo lipid peroxidation, and resistance of LDL to copper-ion-induced oxidation were determined.
Results: Plasma concentrations of 8-epi-PGF2 were significantly lower after the high-isoflavone dietary treatment than after the low-isoflavone dietary treatment (326 ± 32 and 405 ± 50 ng/L, respectively; P = 0.028) and the lag time for copper-ion-induced LDL oxidation was longer (48 ± 2.4 and 44 ± 1.9 min, respectively; P = 0.017). Lag time for oxidation of unfractionated plasma and plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde, LDL -tocopherol, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and isoflavonoids did not differ significantly between dietary treatments.
Conclusions: Consumption of soy containing naturally occurring amounts of isoflavone phytoestrogens reduced lipid peroxidation in vivo and increased the resistance of LDL to oxidation. This antioxidant action may be significant with regard to risk of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease in general, and cancer.
Key Words: Isoflavone • phytoestrogen • soy • antioxidant • lipid peroxidation • low-density lipoprotein • LDL oxidation • F2-isoprostanes • cancer prevention • cancer • cardiovascular disease • heart disease • coronary artery disease • atherosclerosis • arteriosclerosis
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. E. C. Hanwell, C. D. Kay, J. W. Lampe, B. J. Holub, and A. M. Duncan Acute Fish Oil and Soy Isoflavone Supplementation Increase Postprandial Serum (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Isoflavones but Do Not Affect Triacylglycerols or Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Hypertriglyceridemic Men J. Nutr., June 1, 2009; 139(6): 1128 - 1134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Villa, B. Costantini, R. Suriano, C. Perri, F. Macri, L. Ricciardi, S. Panunzi, and A. Lanzone The Differential Effect of the Phytoestrogen Genistein on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women: Relationship with the Metabolic Status J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2009; 94(2): 552 - 558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. A. Jenkins, C. W. C. Kendall, A. Marchie, A. R. Josse, T. H. Nguyen, D. A. Faulkner, K. G. Lapsley, and J. Blumberg Almonds Reduce Biomarkers of Lipid Peroxidation in Older Hyperlipidemic Subjects J. Nutr., May 1, 2008; 138(5): 908 - 913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. D. Gardner, M. Messina, A. Kiazand, J. L. Morris, and A. A. Franke Effect of Two Types of Soy Milk and Dairy Milk on Plasma Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Adults: A Randomized Trial J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 2007; 26(6): 669 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Tomey, M. R. Sowers, X. Li, D. S. McConnell, S. Crawford, E. B. Gold, B. Lasley, and J. F. Randolph Jr Dietary Fat Subgroups, Zinc, and Vegetable Components Are Related to Urine F2a-Isoprostane Concentration, a Measure of Oxidative Stress, in Midlife Women J. Nutr., November 1, 2007; 137(11): 2412 - 2419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-H. Chan, K.-K. Lau, K.-H. Yiu, S.-W. Li, H.-T. Chan, S. Tam, X.-O. Shu, C.-P. Lau, and H.-F. Tse Isoflavone intake in persons at high risk of cardiovascular events: implications for vascular endothelial function and the carotid atherosclerotic burden Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2007; 86(4): 938 - 945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Clerici, K. D. R. Setchell, P. M. Battezzati, M. Pirro, V. Giuliano, S. Asciutti, D. Castellani, E. Nardi, G. Sabatino, S. Orlandi, et al. Pasta Naturally Enriched with Isoflavone Aglycons from Soy Germ Reduces Serum Lipids and Improves Markers of Cardiovascular Risk J. Nutr., October 1, 2007; 137(10): 2270 - 2278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Atteritano, H. Marini, L. Minutoli, F. Polito, A. Bitto, D. Altavilla, S. Mazzaferro, R. D'Anna, M. L. Cannata, A. Gaudio, et al. Effects of the Phytoestrogen Genistein on Some Predictors of Cardiovascular Risk in Osteopenic, Postmenopausal Women: A Two-Year Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2007; 92(8): 3068 - 3075. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Y. Jiang, S. Q. Jiang, Y. C. Lin, P. B. Xi, D. Q. Yu, and T. X. Wu Effects of Soybean Isoflavone on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, and Antioxidation in Male Broilers Poult. Sci., July 1, 2007; 86(7): 1356 - 1362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Erdman Jr., D. Balentine, L. Arab, G. Beecher, J. T. Dwyer, J. Folts, J. Harnly, P. Hollman, C. L. Keen, G. Mazza, et al. Flavonoids and Heart Health: Proceedings of the ILSI North America Flavonoids Workshop, May 31-June 1, 2005, Washington, DC J. Nutr., March 1, 2007; 137(3): 718S - 737S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. K. Chacko, R. T. Chandler, T. L. D'Alessandro, A. Mundhekar, N. K. H. Khoo, N. Botting, S. Barnes, and R. P. Patel Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Isoflavones are Dependent on Flow and Human Endothelial Cell PPAR{gamma} J. Nutr., February 1, 2007; 137(2): 351 - 356. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A Ryan-Borchers, J. S. Park, B. P Chew, M. K McGuire, L. R Fournier, and K. A Beerman Soy isoflavones modulate immune function in healthy postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2006; 83(5): 1118 - 1125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.-H. Wu, L.-Y. Liu, C.-J. Chung, H.-J. Jou, and T.-A. Wang Estrogenic Effect of Yam Ingestion in Healthy Postmenopausal Women J. Am. Coll. Nutr., August 1, 2005; 24(4): 235 - 243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. K. Chacko, R. T. Chandler, A. Mundhekar, N. Khoo, H. M. Pruitt, D. F. Kucik, D. A. Parks, C. G. Kevil, S. Barnes, and R. P. Patel Revealing anti-inflammatory mechanisms of soy isoflavones by flow: modulation of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2005; 289(2): H908 - H915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Yang, X.-O. Shu, F. Jin, X. Zhang, H.-L. Li, Q. Li, Y.-T. Gao, and W. Zheng Longitudinal study of soy food intake and blood pressure among middle-aged and elderly Chinese women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2005; 81(5): 1012 - 1017. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Vega-Lopez, K.-J. Yeum, J. L Lecker, L. M Ausman, E. J Johnson, S. Devaraj, I. Jialal, and A. H Lichtenstein Plasma antioxidant capacity in response to diets high in soy or animal protein with or without isoflavones Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2005; 81(1): 43 - 49. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Williamson and C. Manach Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. II. Review of 93 intervention studies Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2005; 81(1): 243S - 255S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Halliwell, J. Rafter, and A. Jenner Health promotion by flavonoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and other phenols: direct or indirect effects? Antioxidant or not? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2005; 81(1): 268S - 276S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Sanchez-Moreno, M. P. Cano, B. de Ancos, L. Plaza, B. Olmedilla, F. Granado, and A. Martin Consumption of High-Pressurized Vegetable Soup Increases Plasma Vitamin C and Decreases Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Healthy Humans J. Nutr., November 1, 2004; 134(11): 3021 - 3025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Messina Western soy intake is too low to produce health effects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2004; 80(2): 528 - 529. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-Y. Kim, S.-J. Kim, J.-Y. Lee, W.-G. Kim, W.-S. Park, Y.-C. Sim, and S.-J. Lee Protective Effects of Dietary Soy Isoflavones against UV-Induced Skin-Aging in Hairless Mouse Model J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 2004; 23(2): 157 - 162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Desroches, J.-F. Mauger, L. M. Ausman, A. H. Lichtenstein, and B. Lamarche Soy Protein Favorably Affects LDL Size Independently of Isoflavones in Hypercholesterolemic Men and Women J. Nutr., March 1, 2004; 134(3): 574 - 579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Fanti, T. J. Stephenson, I. M. Kaariainen, B. Rezkalla, Y. Tsukamoto, T. Morishita, M. Nomura, C. Kitiyakara, L. J. Custer, and A. A. Franke Serum isoflavones and soya food intake in Japanese, Thai and American end-stage renal disease patients on chronic haemodialysis Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2003; 18(9): 1862 - 1868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Sabate The contribution of vegetarian diets to health and disease: a paradigm shift? Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2003; 78(3): 502S - 507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Zhang, X. O. Shu, Y.-T. Gao, G. Yang, Q. Li, H. Li, F. Jin, and W. Zheng Soy Food Consumption Is Associated with Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Women J. Nutr., September 1, 2003; 133(9): 2874 - 2878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. Anderson Diet First, Then Medication for Hypercholesterolemia JAMA, July 23, 2003; 290(4): 531 - 533. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. M Steinberg, N. L Guthrie, A. C Villablanca, K. Kumar, and M. J Murray Soy protein with isoflavones has favorable effects on endothelial function that are independent of lipid and antioxidant effects in healthy postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2003; 78(1): 123 - 130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Maggio, M. Barabani, M. Pierandrei, M. C. Polidori, M. Catani, P. Mecocci, U. Senin, R. Pacifici, and A. Cherubini Marked Decrease in Plasma Antioxidants in Aged Osteoporotic Women: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2003; 88(4): 1523 - 1527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. D. R. Setchell, N. M. Brown, and E. Lydeking-Olsen The Clinical Importance of the Metabolite Equol--A Clue to the Effectiveness of Soy and Its Isoflavones J. Nutr., December 1, 2002; 132(12): 3577 - 3584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Nestel Role of Soy Protein in Cholesterol-Lowering: How Good Is It? Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 2002; 22(11): 1743 - 1744. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Adams, D. L. Golden, T. C. Register, M. S. Anthony, J. B. Hodgin, N. Maeda, and J.K. Williams The Atheroprotective Effect of Dietary Soy Isoflavones in Apolipoprotein E-/- Mice Requires the Presence of Estrogen Receptor-{alpha} Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 2002; 22(11): 1859 - 1864. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J.A. Jenkins, C. W.C. Kendall, A. Marchie, T. L. Parker, P. W. Connelly, W. Qian, J. S. Haight, D. Faulkner, E. Vidgen, K. G. Lapsley, et al. Dose Response of Almonds on Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors: Blood Lipids, Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins, Lipoprotein(a), Homocysteine, and Pulmonary Nitric Oxide: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial Circulation, September 10, 2002; 106(11): 1327 - 1332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Tovar, F. Murguia, C. Cruz, R. Hernandez-Pando, C. A. Aguilar-Salinas, J. Pedraza-Chaverri, R. Correa-Rotter, and N. Torres A Soy Protein Diet Alters Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Gene Expression and Reduces Serum Lipids and Renal Fibrogenic Cytokines in Rats with Chronic Nephrotic Syndrome J. Nutr., September 1, 2002; 132(9): 2562 - 2569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Jenkins, C. W. Kendall, C.-J. C Jackson, P. W Connelly, T. Parker, D. Faulkner, E. Vidgen, S. C Cunnane, L. A Leiter, and R. G Josse Effects of high- and low-isoflavone soyfoods on blood lipids, oxidized LDL, homocysteine, and blood pressure in hyperlipidemic men and women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2002; 76(2): 365 - 372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Sanders, T. S Dean, D. Grainger, G. J Miller, and H. Wiseman Moderate intakes of intact soy protein rich in isoflavones compared with ethanol-extracted soy protein increase HDL but do not influence transforming growth factor {beta}1 concentrations and hemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease in healthy subjects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2002; 76(2): 373 - 377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S. Anthony Phytoestrogens and Cardiovascular Disease: Where's the Meat? Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 2002; 22(8): 1245 - 1247. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. T. van der Schouw, A. Pijpe, C. E.I. Lebrun, M. L. Bots, P. H.M. Peeters, W. A. van Staveren, S. W.J. Lamberts, and D. E. Grobbee Higher Usual Dietary Intake of Phytoestrogens Is Associated With Lower Aortic Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 2002; 22(8): 1316 - 1322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. B. Clarkson Soy, Soy Phytoestrogens and Cardiovascular Disease J. Nutr., March 1, 2002; 132(3): 566S - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Adams, D. L. Golden, M. S. Anthony, T. C. Register, and J. K. Williams The Inhibitory Effect of Soy Protein Isolate on Atherosclerosis in Mice Does Not Require the Presence of LDL Receptors or Alteration of Plasma Lipoproteins J. Nutr., January 1, 2002; 132(1): 43 - 49. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Hodgson, K. D. Croft, T. A. Mori, V. Burke, L. J. Beilin, and I. B. Puddey Regular Ingestion of Tea Does Not Inhibit In Vivo Lipid Peroxidation in Humans J. Nutr., January 1, 2002; 132(1): 55 - 58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. D. R. Setchell Soy Isoflavones--Benefits and Risks from Nature's Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) J. Am. Coll. Nutr., October 1, 2001; 20(90005): 354S - 362. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Jenkins, C. W. Kendall, E. Vidgen, L. S. Augustin, M. van Erk, A. Geelen, T. Parker, D. Faulkner, V. Vuksan, R. G Josse, et al. High-protein diets in hyperlipidemia: effect of wheat gluten on serum lipids, uric acid, and renal function Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2001; 74(1): 57 - 63. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. B. Patisaul, M. Dindo, P. L. Whitten, and L. J. Young Soy Isoflavone Supplements Antagonize Reproductive Behavior and Estrogen Receptor {{alpha}}- and {beta}-Dependent Gene Expression in the Brain Endocrinology, July 1, 2001; 142(7): 2946 - 2952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D O'Reilly, A. I Mallet, G. T McAnlis, I. S Young, B. Halliwell, T. A. Sanders, and H. Wiseman Consumption of flavonoids in onions and black tea: lack of effect on F2-isoprostanes and autoantibodies to oxidized LDL in healthy humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2001; 73(6): 1040 - 1044. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Goodman-Gruen and D. Kritz-Silverstein Usual Dietary Isoflavone Intake Is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women J. Nutr., April 1, 2001; 131(4): 1202 - 1206. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
