HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Rogol, A. D Articles by Roemmich, J. N Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Rogol, A. D Articles by Roemmich, J. N Agricola Articles by Rogol, A. D Articles by Roemmich, J. N

Growth and pubertal development in children and adolescents: effects of diet and physical activity^1,2,3,4

¹ From the University of Virginia Health Sciences Center Charlottesville.

The longitudinal growth of an individual child is a dynamic statement of the general health of that child. Measurements should be performed often and accurately to detect alterations from physiologic growth. Although any single point on the growth chart is not very informative, when several growth points are plotted over time, it should become apparent whether that individual's growth is average, a variant of the norm, or pathologic. Somatic growth and maturation are influenced by several factors that act independently or in concert to modify an individual's genetic growth potential. Linear growth within the first 2 y of life generally decelerates but then remains relatively constant throughout childhood until the onset of the pubertal growth spurt. Because of the wide variation among individuals in the timing of the pubertal growth spurt, there is a wide range of physiologic variations in normal growth. Nutritional status and heavy exercise training are only 2 of the major influences on the linear growth of children. In the United States, nutritional deficits result from self-induced restriction of energy intake. That single factor, added to the marked energy expenditure of training and competition for some sports, and in concert with the self-selection of certain body types, makes it difficult to identify the individual factors responsible for the slow linear growth of some adolescent athletes, for example, those who partake in gymnastics, dance, or wrestling.

Key Words: Growth • adolescent development • growth potential • athlete • nutrition • gymnastics • wrestling • nutritional dwarfism • athletic training

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Teran-Garcia, T. Rankinen, and C. Bouchard Genes, exercise, growth, and the sedentary, obese child J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2008; 105(3): 988 - 1001. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Sharma, J. Katz, L. C. Mullany, S. K. Khatry, S. C. LeClerq, S. R. Shrestha, G. L. Darmstadt, and J. M. Tielsch Young Maternal Age and the Risk of Neonatal Mortality in Rural Nepal Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, September 1, 2008; 162(9): 828 - 835. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H. Rah, P. Christian, A. A. Shamim, U. T. Arju, A. B. Labrique, and M. Rashid Pregnancy and Lactation Hinder Growth and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls in Rural Bangladesh J. Nutr., August 1, 2008; 138(8): 1505 - 1511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. B. Morrison and V. R. Schoffl Physiological responses to rock climbing in young climbers Br. J. Sports Med., December 1, 2007; 41(12): 852 - 861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Beker and T. L. Cheng Principles of Growth Assessment Pediatr. Rev., May 1, 2006; 27(5): 196 - 198. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Wu, P. Mendola, and G. M. Buck Ethnic Differences in the Presence of Secondary Sex Characteristics and Menarche Among US Girls: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 Pediatrics, October 1, 2002; 110(4): 752 - 757. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]