HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Molin, G. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Molin, G. Agricola Articles by Molin, G.

Probiotics in foods not containing milk or milk constituents, with special reference to Lactobacillus plantarum 299v^1,2,3

¹ From the Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Division of Food Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Lactic acid fermentation is the simplest and safest way of preserving food and has probably always been used by humans. Species such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus salivarius are common in the human mucosa, from the mouth to the rectum. In food, L. paracasei and L. rhamnosus are usually associated with dairy products whereas L. plantarum is found in fermented foods of plant origin. A probiotic food product containing no milk constituent was launched in Sweden in 1994. The product is a lactic acid fermented oatmeal gruel that is mixed in a fruit drink. It contains 5 x 10¹⁰ colony-forming units of L. plantarum 299v/L. The strain L. plantarum 299v originates from the human intestinal mucosa and has been shown in rats to decrease translocation, improve mucosal status, improve liver status, improve the immunologic status of the mucosa, and reduce mucosal inflammation. In humans, L. plantarum 299v can increase the concentration of carboxylic acids in feces and decrease abdominal bloating in patients with irritable bowel disease. It can also decrease fibrinogen concentrations in blood. Should probiotics be administrated through foods, the probiotic organism must remain vigorous in the food until consumption and the food must remain palatable, ie, the food carrier and the organism must suit each other. L. plantarum 299v not only affects the bacterial flora of the intestinal mucosa but may also regulate the host's immunologic defense. The mechanisms involved need to be clarified.

Key Words: Lactobacillus plantarum • probiotic • nondairy food • fermented food • lactic acid fermentation

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. M. A. Saulnier, D. Molenaar, W. M. de Vos, G. R. Gibson, and S. Kolida Identification of Prebiotic Fructooligosaccharide Metabolism in Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 through Microarrays Appl. Envir. Microbiol., March 15, 2007; 73(6): 1753 - 1765. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Goffin, L. Muscariello, F. Lorquet, A. Stukkens, D. Prozzi, M. Sacco, M. Kleerebezem, and P. Hols Involvement of Pyruvate Oxidase Activity and Acetate Production in the Survival of Lactobacillus plantarum during the Stationary Phase of Aerobic Growth Appl. Envir. Microbiol., December 1, 2006; 72(12): 7933 - 7940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Canchaya, M. J. Claesson, G. F. Fitzgerald, D. van Sinderen, and P. W. O'Toole Diversity of the genus Lactobacillus revealed by comparative genomics of five species. Microbiology, November 1, 2006; 152(Pt 11): 3185 - 3196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Teusink, F. H. J. van Enckevort, C. Francke, A. Wiersma, A. Wegkamp, E. J. Smid, and R. J. Siezen In Silico Reconstruction of the Metabolic Pathways of Lactobacillus plantarum: Comparing Predictions of Nutrient Requirements with Those from Growth Experiments Appl. Envir. Microbiol., November 1, 2005; 71(11): 7253 - 7262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Pretzer, J. Snel, D. Molenaar, A. Wiersma, P. A. Bron, J. Lambert, W. M. de Vos, R. van der Meer, M. A. Smits, and M. Kleerebezem Biodiversity-Based Identification and Functional Characterization of the Mannose-Specific Adhesin of Lactobacillus plantarum J. Bacteriol., September 1, 2005; 187(17): 6128 - 6136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Wilson Integrative Tumor Board: Recurrent Lymphoma Integr Cancer Ther, September 1, 2004; 3(3): 246 - 250. [PDF]

				K. Robinson, L. M. Chamberlain, M. C. Lopez, C. M. Rush, H. Marcotte, R. W. F. Le Page, and J. M. Wells Mucosal and Cellular Immune Responses Elicited by Recombinant Lactococcus lactis Strains Expressing Tetanus Toxin Fragment C Infect. Immun., May 1, 2004; 72(5): 2753 - 2761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Schrezenmeir and M. de Vrese Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics--approaching a definition Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2001; 73(2): 361S - 364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]