| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Original Research Communication |
1 From the Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics (BG, PB, SO, MB, and H-SK), the Departments of Psychiatry and Health Behavior (CRL) and Radiology (JA), and the Office of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (MSL), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta.
Background: Little is known about how the intensity of exercise influences cardiovascular fitness and body composition, especially in obese adolescents.
Objective: Our goal was to determine the effects of physical training intensity on the cardiovascular fitness, percentage of body fat (%BF), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of obese adolescents.
Design: Obese 13–16-y-olds (n = 80) were assigned to 1) biweekly lifestyle education (LSE), 2) LSE + moderate-intensity physical training, or 3) LSE + high-intensity physical training. The intervention lasted 8 mo. Physical training was offered 5 d/wk, and the target energy expenditure for all subjects in physical training groups was 1047 kJ (250 kcal)/session. Cardiovascular fitness was measured with a multistage treadmill test, %BF with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and VAT with magnetic resonance imaging.
Results: The increase in cardiovascular fitness in the high-intensity physical training group, but not in the moderate-intensity group, was significantly greater than that in the LSE alone group (P = 0.009); no other comparisons of the 3 groups were significant. Compared with the LSE alone group, a group composed of subjects in both physical training groups combined who attended training sessions 
2 d/wk showed favorable changes in cardiovascular fitness (P < 0.001), %BF (P = 0.001), and VAT (P = 0.029). We found no evidence that the high-intensity physical training was more effective than the moderate-intensity physical training in enhancing body composition.
Conclusions: The cardiovascular fitness of obese adolescents was significantly improved by physical training, especially high-intensity physical training. The physical training also reduced both visceral and total-body adiposity, but there was no clear effect of the intensity of physical training.
Key Words: Exercise • visceral adiposity • intraabdominal fat • body composition • diet • physical training • obese adolescents • cardiovascular fitness
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. S. Wright, D. K. Wilson, S. Griffin, and A. Evans A qualitative study of parental modeling and social support for physical activity in underserved adolescents Health Educ. Res., August 14, 2008; (2008) cyn043v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Meriwether, F. Lobelo, and R. R. Pate Themed Review: Clinical Interventions to Promote Physical Activity in Youth American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, February 1, 2008; 2(1): 7 - 25. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. LaFontaine Physical Activity: The Epidemic of Obesity and Overweight Among Youth: Trends, Consequences, and Interventions American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, February 1, 2008; 2(1): 30 - 36. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Mcgavock, E. Sellers, and H. Dean Physical activity for the prevention and management of youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus on cardiovascular complications Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, December 1, 2007; 4(4): 305 - 310. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Salmon, M. L. Booth, P. Phongsavan, N. Murphy, and A. Timperio Promoting Physical Activity Participation among Children and Adolescents Epidemiol. Rev., June 7, 2007; (2007) mxm010v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. L. Carrel, R. R. Clark, S. Peterson, J. Eickhoff, and D. B. Allen School-Based Fitness Changes Are Lost During the Summer Vacation Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, June 1, 2007; 161(6): 561 - 564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. E Saelens, R. J Seeley, K. van Schaick, L. F Donnelly, and K. J O'Brien Visceral abdominal fat is correlated with whole-body fat and physical activity among 8-y-old children at risk of obesity Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2007; 85(1): 46 - 53. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. R. Pate, M. G. Davis, T. N. Robinson, E. J. Stone, T. L. McKenzie, and J. C. Young Promoting Physical Activity in Children and Youth: A Leadership Role for Schools: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism (Physical Activity Committee) in Collaboration With the Councils on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young and Cardiovascular Nursing Circulation, September 12, 2006; 114(11): 1214 - 1224. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Collins, J. Warren, M. Neve, P. McCoy, and B. J. Stokes Measuring effectiveness of dietetic interventions in child obesity: a systematic review of randomized trials. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, September 1, 2006; 160(9): 906 - 922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R Ruiz, N. S Rizzo, A. Hurtig-Wennlof, F. B Ortega, J. Warnberg, and M. Sjostrom Relations of total physical activity and intensity to fitness and fatness in children: the European Youth Heart Study. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2006; 84(2): 299 - 303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Carrel, R. R. Clark, S. E. Peterson, B. A. Nemeth, J. Sullivan, and D. B. Allen Improvement of Fitness, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Children in a School-Based Exercise Program: A Randomized, Controlled Study Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, October 1, 2005; 159(10): 963 - 968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. R. Pate, D. S. Ward, R. P. Saunders, G. Felton, R. K. Dishman, and M. Dowda Promotion of Physical Activity Among High-School Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial Am J Public Health, September 1, 2005; 95(9): 1582 - 1587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. S. Faulkner, L. Quinn, J. H. Rimmer, and B. H. Rich Cardiovascular Endurance and Heart Rate Variability in Adolescents With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Biol Res Nurs, July 1, 2005; 7(1): 16 - 29. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 US Preventive Services Task Force Screening and Interventions for Overweight in Children and Adolescents: Recommendation Statement Pediatrics, July 1, 2005; 116(1): 205 - 209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. P. Whitlock, S. B. Williams, R. Gold, P. R. Smith, and S. A. Shipman Screening and Interventions for Childhood Overweight: A Summary of Evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force Pediatrics, July 1, 2005; 116(1): e125 - e144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. H. Dietz and T. N. Robinson Overweight Children and Adolescents N. Engl. J. Med., May 19, 2005; 352(20): 2100 - 2109. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Gutin, Z. Yin, M. C Humphries, and P. Barbeau Relations of moderate and vigorous physical activity to fitness and fatness in adolescents Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2005; 81(4): 746 - 750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. P. Stuart, M. E. Broome, B. A. Smith, and M. Weaver An Integrative Review of Interventions for Adolescent Weight Loss The Journal of School Nursing, April 1, 2005; 21(2): 77 - 85. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Yin, J. Hanes Jr., J. B. Moore, P. Humbles, P. Barbeau, and B. Gutin An After-School Physical Activity Program for Obesity Prevention in Children: The Medical College of Georgia FitKid Project Eval Health Prof, March 1, 2005; 28(1): 67 - 89. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. L. Burdette and R. C. Whitaker Resurrecting Free Play in Young Children: Looking Beyond Fitness and Fatness to Attention, Affiliation, and Affect Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, January 1, 2005; 159(1): 46 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Jago, T. Baranowski, K. Watson, J. C. Baranowski, T. Nicklas, and I. F. Zakeri Relationships Between Maternal and Child Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Ethnic Differences and Lack of Influence of Physical Activity Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, December 1, 2004; 158(12): 1125 - 1131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J C. Dekkers, R. H Podolsky, F. A Treiber, P. Barbeau, B. Gutin, and H. Snieder Development of general and central obesity from childhood into early adulthood in African American and European American males and females with a family history of cardiovascular disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2004; 79(4): 661 - 668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Tiikkainen, R. Bergholm, A. Rissanen, A. Aro, I. Salminen, M. Tamminen, K. Teramo, and H. Yki-Jarvinen Effects of equal weight loss with orlistat and placebo on body fat and serum fatty acid composition and insulin resistance in obese women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2004; 79(1): 22 - 30. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
