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Dietary catechin delays tumor onset in a transgenic mouse model^1,2,3

¹ From the Departments of Viticulture and Enology (SEE, CAB, WTJ, MRW, LC-R, EAM, ACC, AL, and JDE), Nutrition (G-SK and AJC), and Animal Science (AI-T), University of California, Davis, and the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (AK and SHH).

Background: Evidence exists that red wine, which contains a large array of polyphenols, is protective against cardiovascular disease and possibly cancer.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that catechin, the major monomeric polyphenol in red wine, can delay tumor onset in transgenic mice that spontaneously develop tumors.

Design: Mice were fed a nutritionally complete amino acid–based diet supplemented with (+)-catechin (0–8 mmol/kg diet) or alcohol-free solids from red wine. Mice were examined daily; the age at which a first tumor appeared was recorded as the age at tumor onset. Plasma catechin and metabolite concentrations were quantified at the end of the study.

Results: Dietary catechin significantly delayed tumor onset; a positive, linear relation was observed between the age at tumor onset and either the amount of dietary catechin (r² = 0.761, P < 0.001) or plasma catechin and metabolite concentrations (r² = 0.408, P = 0.003). No significant effects on tumor onset were observed when mice consumed a diet supplemented with wine solids containing <0.22 mmol catechin/kg diet, whereas a previous study showed that wine solids with a similar total polyphenol concentration but containing 4 times more catechin significantly delayed tumor onset by 30 d compared with a control diet. The catechin composition of the wines is directly related to processing conditions during vinification.

Conclusions: Physiologic intakes of specific dietary polyphenols, such as catechin, may play an important role in cancer chemoprevention. Wines have different polyphenol concentrations and compositions; therefore, the overall health benefits of individual wines differ.

Key Words: Amino acid–based diet • transgenic mice • catechin • cancer • tumor onset • wine

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