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Original Research Communication |
1 From the Unidad de Lipidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain (PP-M, JL-M, PG, CM, JM, FF, RAFdlP, and FP-J), and the Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer–US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston (JMO).
Background: The association between polymorphisms in the scavenger receptor class B type I (SRB-I) gene and variations in basal plasma concentrations of cholesterol in humans has recently been described.
Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether the exon 1 variant (G
A) at the SRB-I gene is associated with the lipid response to the content and quality of dietary fat in healthy subjects.
Design: We studied 97 healthy volunteers with exon 1 polymorphism [65 homozygous for allele 1 (1/1) and 32 heterozygous for allele 2 (1/2)]. Both groups consumed 3 diets lasting 4 wk each. The first was a saturated fatty acid (SFA)–rich diet (38% fat, 20% SFA), which was followed by a carbohydrate (Cho)–rich diet (30% fat, < 10% SFA, 55% carbohydrate) or a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), olive oil–rich diet (38% fat, 22% MUFA) according to a randomized crossover design. At the end of each dietary period, plasma concentrations of triacylglycerol and of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol were measured.
Results: Carriers of the 1/2 genotype had a trend toward higher concentrations of LDL cholesterol (P < 0.11) after the SFA–rich diet than did those who were homozygous for 1/1. Carriers of the mutation showed a significantly greater (P = 0.007) decrease in LDL-cholesterol concentrations (-23%) in changing from an SFA–rich diet to a Cho–rich diet than did noncarriers of the mutation (-16%).
Conclusion: Carriers of the minority allele, 1/2, are more susceptible to the presence of SFA in the diet because of a greater increase in LDL cholesterol.
Key Words: Scavenger receptor class B type I • SRB-I • dietary intervention • LDL cholesterol • genetic polymorphism • cardiovascular risk
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