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Original Research Communication |
1 From the Department of Physiology and Division of Nutrition (AVK, SV, JV, and TR) and the Department of Biochemistry (JG), St John’s Medical College, Bangalore, India, and the Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge (MMR and VRY).
Background: The 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU upper requirement for the sulfur-containing amino acids in healthy adults, which was set at 13 mg • kg-1 • d-1, is based on nitrogen balance studies in Western subjects. Short-term tracer-based studies also estimated a mean requirement of 13 mg • kg-1 • d-1, but whether this estimate is applicable to healthy populations worldwide is unknown.
Objective: Using a 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance method with 7 test methionine intakes (3, 6, 9, 13, 18, 21, and 24 mg • kg-1 • d-1), we assessed methionine requirements in healthy, well-nourished Indians.
Design: Twenty-one healthy, well-nourished Indian men were studied during each of 3 randomly assigned 7-d diet periods in which methionine intakes (diet devoid of cysteine) were equally placed on either side of the putative mean methionine requirement of 13 mg • kg-1 • d-1. Twenty-four–hour indicator amino acid oxidation and balance were measured on day 7 by using a 24-h [13C]leucine tracer infusion. The breakpoint in the relation between these values and the methionine intake was determined.
Results: Two-phase linear regression of daily leucine oxidation against methionine intake estimated a breakpoint in the response curve at a methionine intake of 14 mg • kg-1 • d-1 (95% CI: 11, 23 mg • kg-1 • d-1). The breakpoint estimated from the leucine balance–methionine intake relation was 15 mg • kg-1 • d-1 (95% CI: 11, 27 mg • kg-1 • d-1).
Conclusions: From the 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance approach, a mean methionine requirement, in the absence of cysteine intake, of 15 mg • kg-1 • d-1 is proposed for healthy, well-nourished Indian adults. This requirement is similar to that established in Western adults.
Key Words: Well-nourished Indian adults • methionine requirement • requirement for sulfur-containing amino acids • 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation • 24-h indicator amino acid balance
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