| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the Vitamin D, Skin, and Bone Research Laboratory, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston.
Background: Fortification of milk with vitamin D may not be adequate for satisfying the vitamin D requirement because of variability in vitamin D content after fortification and because many persons have milk allergy or lactose intolerance. Additional foods need to be fortified with vitamin D.
Objective: We determined whether vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, is bioavailable in orange juice and skim milk, 2 nonfat beverages.
Design: On 3 separate occasions, 18 adults ingested 25 000 IU vitamin D2 in 240 mL whole milk or skim milk or in 0.1 mL corn oil applied to toast. A separate, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial investigated whether the consumption of orange juice fortified with vitamin D3 would increase serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations: 14 subjects ingested 240 mL orange juice fortified with 1000 IU vitamin D, and 12 subjects ingested a control orange juice daily for 12 wk.
Results: Peak serum vitamin D2 concentrations did not differ significantly after the ingestion of vitamin D2 in whole milk, skim milk, or corn oil on toast. After subjects consumed orange juice fortified with 1000 IU vitamin D3 daily for 12 wk, serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations increased by 150%, and serum parathyroid hormone concentrations decreased by 25% compared with baseline; control subjects had a seasonal increase of 45% in 25(OH)D and no significant change in serum parathyroid hormone.
Conclusions: The fat content of milk does not affect vitamin D bioavailability. Vitamin D fortification at 1000 IU/240 mL orange juice for 12 wk safely increased 25(OH)D3 concentrations in adults.
Key Words: Vitamin D deficiency, milk, orange juice, vitamin D, sunlight, vitamin D fortification, vitamin D • fortified milk, lactose intolerance, milk allergy, vitamin D requirement
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. M. Arguelles, C. B. Langman, A. J. Ariza, F. N. Ali, K. Dilley, H. Price, X. Liu, S. Zhang, X. Hong, B. Wang, et al. Heritability and Environmental Factors Affecting Vitamin D Status in Rural Chinese Adolescent Twins J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2009; 94(9): 3273 - 3281. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. O'Donnell, A. Cranney, T. Horsley, H. A Weiler, S. A Atkinson, D. A Hanley, D. S Ooi, L. Ward, N. Barrowman, M. Fang, et al. Efficacy of food fortification on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations: systematic review Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2008; 88(6): 1528 - 1534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Wagner, G. Sidhom, S. J. Whiting, D. Rousseau, and R. Vieth The Bioavailability of Vitamin D from Fortified Cheeses and Supplements Is Equivalent in Adults J. Nutr., July 1, 2008; 138(7): 1365 - 1371. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K Kant and B. I Graubard Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in variability in nutritional biomarkers Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2008; 87(5): 1464 - 1471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F Holick and T. C Chen Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2008; 87(4): 1080S - 1086S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.-Y. Park, S. P. Murphy, L. R. Wilkens, D. O. Stram, B. E. Henderson, and L. N. Kolonel Calcium, Vitamin D, and Dairy Product Intake and Prostate Cancer Risk: The Multiethnic Cohort Study Am. J. Epidemiol., December 1, 2007; 166(11): 1259 - 1269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. F. Holick Vitamin D Deficiency N. Engl. J. Med., July 19, 2007; 357(3): 266 - 281. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Shinchuk and M. F. Holick Vitamin D and Rehabilitation: Improving Functional Outcomes Nutr Clin Pract, June 1, 2007; 22(3): 297 - 304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. E. Mullin and A. Dobs Vitamin D and Its Role in Cancer and Immunity: A Prescription for Sunlight Nutr Clin Pract, June 1, 2007; 22(3): 305 - 322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M van Dam, M. B Snijder, J. M Dekker, C. D. Stehouwer, L. M Bouter, R. J Heine, and P. Lips Potentially modifiable determinants of vitamin D status in an older population in the Netherlands: the Hoorn Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2007; 85(3): 755 - 761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Holick, E. Giovannucci, J. Wactawski-Wende, G. L. Anderson, and M. O'Sullivan Calcium plus vitamin D and the risk of colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med., May 25, 2006; 354(21): 2287 - 2288. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. F. Holick High Prevalence of Vitamin D Inadequacy and Implications for Health Mayo Clin. Proc., March 1, 2006; 81(3): 353 - 373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.-M. Natri, P. Salo, T. Vikstedt, A. Palssa, M. Huttunen, M. U.M. Karkkainen, H. Salovaara, V. Piironen, J. Jakobsen, and C. J. Lamberg-Allardt Bread Fortified with Cholecalciferol Increases the Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration in Women as Effectively as a Cholecalciferol Supplement J. Nutr., January 1, 2006; 136(1): 123 - 127. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Holick The Vitamin D Epidemic and its Health Consequences J. Nutr., November 1, 2005; 135(11): 2739S - 2748S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Moore, M. M. Murphy, and M. F. Holick Vitamin D Intakes by Children and Adults in the United States Differ among Ethnic Groups J. Nutr., October 1, 2005; 135(10): 2478 - 2485. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Short When science met the consumer: the role of industry Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2005; 82(1): 256S - 258S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Tseng, R. A Breslow, B. I Graubard, and R. G Ziegler Dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intakes and prostate cancer risk in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Epidemiologic Follow-up Study cohort Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2005; 81(5): 1147 - 1154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F Holick Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2004; 80(6): 1678S - 1688S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S Calvo, S. J Whiting, and C. N Barton Vitamin D fortification in the United States and Canada: current status and data needs Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2004; 80(6): 1710S - 1716S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Harris and V. L. W. Go Vitamin D and Colon Carcinogenesis J. Nutr., December 1, 2004; 134(12): 3463S - 3471S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. A Bischoff-Ferrari, T. Dietrich, E J. Orav, F. B Hu, Y. Zhang, E. W Karlson, and B. Dawson-Hughes Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with better lower-extremity function in both active and inactive persons aged >=60 y Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2004; 80(3): 752 - 758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Holick Sun Exposure, Vitamin D Metabolism, and Skin Cancer-Reply-I Mayo Clin. Proc., May 1, 2004; 79(5): 700 - 701. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Holick The Physiology and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency-Reply-II Mayo Clin. Proc., May 1, 2004; 79(5): 694 - 695. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F Holick Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2004; 79(3): 362 - 371. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. T. Jacobs, M. E. Martinez, and D. S. Alberts Research and Public Health Implications of the Intricate Relationship Between Calcium and Vitamin D in the Prevention of Colorectal Neoplasia J Natl Cancer Inst, December 3, 2003; 95(23): 1736 - 1737. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. F. Holick Vitamin D Deficiency: What a Pain It Is Mayo Clin. Proc., December 1, 2003; 78(12): 1457 - 1459. [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
