| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Original Research Communication |
1 From the Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico (CH), and the Program in International Nutrition, University of California, Davis (JMP and KHB).
Correspondence: 3 Reprints not available. Address correspondence to KH Brown, Program in International Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616. E-mail: khbrown{at}ucdavis.edu.
Background: The risk of zinc deficiency in populations can be estimated by comparing serum zinc data with statistically defined lower cutoffs derived from a presumably healthy population. Serum zinc data are available from a large sample of the US population assessed during the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). Although the original analysis of these data considered fasting status and the time of day of blood sampling, it did not account for potentially confounding variables that may affect the serum zinc concentration, such as age, sex, and health status.
Objective: The objective was to describe variations in serum zinc concentration by age, sex, and other characteristics and to recommend lower cutoffs for presumably healthy persons.
Design: Serum zinc data from NHANES II were analyzed by using analysis of variance and covariance models to identify and describe variables significantly associated with serum zinc concentration; 2.5th percentile curves were produced and used to establish age- and sex-based lower cutoffs.
Results: Age and sex were significant confounders of serum zinc concentration, so separate lower cutoffs were derived for children and adolescent and adult males and females. Other minor confounding variables were identified. Tentative lower cutoffs for pregnancy and oral contraceptive use were also derived.
Conclusions: The interpretation of population serum zinc data with the use of lower cutoffs should account for the age and sex of the subjects, pregnancy and oral contraceptive use, and fasting status and time of day of blood collection.
Key Words: Serum zinc • zinc deficiency • second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey • NHANES II
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  F. Kamp and C. M. Donangelo Supplementing Young Women with Both Zinc and Iron Protects Zinc-Related Antioxidant Indicators Previously Impaired by Iron Supplementation J. Nutr., November 1, 2008; 138(11): 2186 - 2189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. S Chung, J. Stookey, D. Dare, R. Welch, T. Q Nguyen, R. Roehl, J. M Peerson, J. C King, and K. H Brown Current dietary zinc intake has a greater effect on fractional zinc absorption than does longer term zinc consumption in healthy adult men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2008; 87(5): 1224 - 1229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Gibson, Y. Abebe, S. Stabler, R. H. Allen, J. E. Westcott, B. J. Stoecker, N. F. Krebs, and K. M. Hambidge Zinc, Gravida, Infection, and Iron, but Not Vitamin B-12 or Folate Status, Predict Hemoglobin during Pregnancy in Southern Ethiopia J. Nutr., March 1, 2008; 138(3): 581 - 586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Lin, M. J. Manary, K. Maleta, A. Briend, and P. Ashorn An Energy-Dense Complementary Food Is Associated with a Modest Increase in Weight Gain When Compared with a Fortified Porridge in Malawian Children Aged 6-18 Months J. Nutr., March 1, 2008; 138(3): 593 - 598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. H. Dabbaghmanesh, A. Sadegholvaad, F. Zarei, and G. Omrani Zinc Status and Relation to Thyroid Hormone Profile in Iranian Schoolchildren J Trop Pediatr, February 1, 2008; 54(1): 58 - 61. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Belbraouet, H. Biaudet, A. Tebi, N. Chau, K. Gray-Donald, and G. Debry Serum Zinc and Copper Status in Hospitalized vs. Healthy Elderly Subjects J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 2007; 26(6): 650 - 654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. N Meydani, J. B Barnett, G. E Dallal, B. C Fine, P. F Jacques, L. S Leka, and D. H Hamer Serum zinc and pneumonia in nursing home elderly Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2007; 86(4): 1167 - 1173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. R. Wong, T. P. Shanley, B. Sakthivel, N. Cvijanovich, R. Lin, G. L. Allen, N. J. Thomas, A. Doctor, M. Kalyanaraman, N. M. Tofil, et al. Genome-level expression profiles in pediatric septic shock indicate a role for altered zinc homeostasis in poor outcome Physiol Genomics, July 18, 2007; 30(2): 146 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.-Y. Sheng, K M. Hambidge, X.-X. Zhu, J.-X. Ni, K. B Bailey, R. S Gibson, and N. F Krebs Major variables of zinc homeostasis in Chinese toddlers. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2006; 84(2): 389 - 394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Bose, C. L Coles, Gunavathi, H. John, P. Moses, P Raghupathy, C. Kirubakaran, R. E Black, W A. Brooks, and M. Santosham Efficacy of zinc in the treatment of severe pneumonia in hospitalized children <2 y old Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2006; 83(5): 1089 - 1096. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Christian, T. Jiang, S. K Khatry, S. C LeClerq, S. R Shrestha, and K. P West Jr Antenatal supplementation with micronutrients and biochemical indicators of status and subclinical infection in rural Nepal. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2006; 83(4): 788 - 794. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Mazariegos, K M. Hambidge, N. F Krebs, J. E Westcott, S. Lei, G. K Grunwald, R. Campos, B. Barahona, V. Raboy, and N. W Solomons Zinc absorption in Guatemalan schoolchildren fed normal or low-phytate maize Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2006; 83(1): 59 - 64. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Skelton, P. L. Havens, and S. L. Werlin Nutrient Deficiencies in Tube-fed Children Clinical Pediatrics, January 1, 2006; 45(1): 37 - 41. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Jiang, P. Christian, S. K. Khatry, L. Wu, and K. P. West Jr Micronutrient Deficiencies in Early Pregnancy Are Common, Concurrent, and Vary by Season among Rural Nepali Pregnant Women J. Nutr., May 1, 2005; 135(5): 1106 - 1112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. H Hyun, E. Barrett-Connor, and D. B Milne Zinc intakes and plasma concentrations in men with osteoporosis: the Rancho Bernardo Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2004; 80(3): 715 - 721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. B. Andree, J. Kim, C. P. Kirschke, J. P. Gregg, H. Paik, H. Joung, L. Woodhouse, J. C. King, and L. Huang Investigation of Lymphocyte Gene Expression for Use as Biomarkers for Zinc Status in Humans J. Nutr., July 1, 2004; 134(7): 1716 - 1723. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
