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ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston (PKN); the Departments of Nutrition (FBH, EBR, SAS-W, LS, and WCW) and Epidemiology (EBR and WCW), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston; and the Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (EBR, DF, and WCW).
Background: The Diet Quality Index Revised (DQI-R) is a dietary assessment instrument based on 10 dietary recommendations reflecting dietary guidelines and policy in the United States.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the reproducibility and validity of the DQI-R as measured by use of food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs).
Design: Diet was assessed separately by two FFQs at a 1-y interval and by two 1-wk diet records. DQI-R scores were computed from each method. Venous blood specimens were collected for measurement of dietary biomarkers. Participants (n = 127) were men aged 40-75 y in a validation study of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.
Results: Mean DQI-R scores were 69.5 for FFQ-1, 67.2 for
FFQ-2, and 62.0 for the diet records out of a possible score of 100.
The reproducibility correlation for the 2 FFQ scores was 0.72.
Correlations between scores for each of the 2 FFQs and diet
records were 0.66 (FFQ-1) and 0.72 (FFQ-2). DQI-R scores from
FFQ-2 were directly correlated with plasma biochemical measurements of 
-carotene (r = 0.43, P < 0.0005), ß-carotene (r = 0.35,
P < 0.005), lutein (r = 0.31, P <0.005), and -tocopherol (r =
0.25, P < 0.05) and were inversely correlated with plasma total
cholesterol (r = -0.22, P < 0.05).
Conclusions: These data indicate reasonable reproducibility and validity of the DQI-R as assessed by an FFQ. Future studies are needed to examine whether this index and other instruments of diet quality can reliably predict disease outcomes.
Key Words: Diet index • diet quality • dietary pattern • bio-marker • reproducibility • validity
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