| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the Departments of Nutrition (TR, WCW, MJS, and AA), Epidemiology (WCW, MJS, DS, and AA), and Biostatistics (DS), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston; the Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (KSR and DP); and the Division of Nutrition, St John’s Medical College, Bangalore, India (MV).
Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death in India. Dietary changes could reduce risk, but few studies have addressed the association between diet and IHD risk in India.
Objective: The goal was to address the association between diet and IHD risk among Indians in New Delhi (northern India) and Bangalore (southern India).
Design: We collected data from 350 cases of acute myocardial infarction and 700 controls matched on the basis of age, sex, and hospital as part of a hospital-based case-control study in 8 hospitals. Long-term dietary intake was assessed by using food-frequency questionnaires developed for New Delhi and Bangalore. We used conditional logistic regression to control for the matching factors and other predictors of risk.
Results: We observed a significant and dose-dependent inverse association between vegetable intake and IHD risk. The inverse association was stronger for green leafy vegetables; in multivariate analysis, persons consuming a median of 3.5 servings/wk had a 67% lower relative risk (RR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.64; P for trend = 0.0001) than did those consuming 0.5 servings/wk. Controlling for other dietary covariates did not alter the association. Cereal intake was also associated with a lower risk. Use of mustard oil, which is rich in 
-linolenic acid, was associated with a lower risk than was use of sunflower oil [for use in cooking: RR: 0.49 (95% CI: 0.24, 0.99); for use in frying, RR: 0.29 (95% CI: 0.13, 0.64)].
Conclusion: Diets rich in vegetables and use of mustard oil could contribute to the lower risk of IHD among Indians.
Key Words: Diet • nutrition • ischemic heart disease • India • foods • vegetables • green leafy vegetables • fats • oils
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. K. Park, K. L Tucker, M. S O'Neill, D. Sparrow, P. S Vokonas, H. Hu, and J. Schwartz Fruit, vegetable, and fish consumption and heart rate variability: the Veterans Administration Normative Aging Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2009; 89(3): 778 - 786. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Campos, A. Baylin, and W. C. Willett {alpha}-Linolenic Acid and Risk of Nonfatal Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, July 22, 2008; 118(4): 339 - 345. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R Gupta, P Joshi, V Mohan, K S Reddy, and S Yusuf Epidemiology and causation of coronary heart disease and stroke in India Heart, January 1, 2008; 94(1): 16 - 26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. Reddy, D. Prabhakaran, P. Jeemon, K. R. Thankappan, P. Joshi, V. Chaturvedi, L. Ramakrishnan, and F. Ahmed Educational status and cardiovascular risk profile in Indians PNAS, October 9, 2007; 104(41): 16263 - 16268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. Reddy India Wakes Up to the Threat of Cardiovascular Diseases J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 2, 2007; 50(14): 1370 - 1372. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Joshi, S. Islam, P. Pais, S. Reddy, P. Dorairaj, K. Kazmi, M. R. Pandey, S. Haque, S. Mendis, S. Rangarajan, et al. Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries JAMA, January 17, 2007; 297(3): 286 - 294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Wang, W. S Harris, M. Chung, A. H Lichtenstein, E. M Balk, B. Kupelnick, H. S Jordan, and J. Lau n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not {alpha}-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primary- and secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2006; 84(1): 5 - 17. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T Rastogi, P Jha, K S Reddy, D Prabhakaran, D Spiegelman, M J Stampfer, W C Willett, and A Ascherio Bidi and cigarette smoking and risk of acute myocardial infarction among males in urban India Tob. Control, October 1, 2005; 14(5): 356 - 358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Djousse, D. K. Arnett, J. J. Carr, J. H. Eckfeldt, P. N. Hopkins, M. A. Province, and R. C. Ellison Dietary Linolenic Acid Is Inversely Associated With Calcified Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Coronary Arteries: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study Circulation, June 7, 2005; 111(22): 2921 - 2926. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Djousse, P. M. Rautaharju, P. N. Hopkins, E. A. Whitsel, D. K. Arnett, J. H. Eckfeldt, M. A. Province, R. C. Ellison, and Investigators of the NHLBI Family Heart Study Dietary Linolenic Acid and Adjusted QT and JT Intervals in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 17, 2005; 45(10): 1716 - 1722. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Djousse, D. K. Arnett, J. S. Pankow, P. N. Hopkins, M. A. Province, and R. C. Ellison Dietary Linolenic Acid Is Associated With a Lower Prevalence of Hypertension in the NHLBI Family Heart Study Hypertension, March 1, 2005; 45(3): 368 - 373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Rastogi, K S. Reddy, M. Vaz, D. Spiegelman, D Prabhakaran, W. C Willett, M. J Stampfer, and A. Ascherio Reply to TV Chacko et al Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2005; 81(2): 537 - 537. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. V Chacko, S. R. Shankar, A. C Mathew, R Rajkumar, and M S. Banu Diet and risk of ischemic heart disease in India Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2005; 81(2): 536 - 537. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
