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ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing (GM); Life Measurement, Inc, Concord, CA (MY and AU); the Maternity and Child Care Hospital (YL and HZ) and the School of Public Health (AL), Shandong University, Jinan, China; the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston (WWW); and the Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis (LN-R and KGD).
Background: The accurate measurement of body composition is useful in assessments of infant growth and nutritional status.
Objective: This study evaluated the reliability and accuracy of a new air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) system for body-composition assessment in infants.
Design: Between- and within-day reliability was assessed by comparing the percentage body fat (%BF) obtained on consecutive days and on the same day, respectively, in 36 full-term infants. Accuracy was assessed by comparing %BF measured with the use of ADP and %BF measured with the use of deuterium (2H2O) dilution in 53 infants.
Results: There were no significant differences in %BF between days (-0.50 ± 1.21%BF) or within days (0.16 ± 1.44%BF). Mean between- and within-day test-retest SDs of 0.69 and 0.72%BF, respectively, indicated excellent reliability. The %BF measurements obtained by using ADP were not significantly influenced by infant behavioral state. Mean %BF obtained by using ADP (20.32%BF) did not differ significantly from that obtained by using 2H2O dilution (20.39%BF), and the regression line [%BF(2H2O) = 0.851%BF (ADP) + 3.094] gave a high R2 (0.76) and a low SEE (3.26). The 95% limits of agreement between ADP and 2H2O (-6.84%BF, 6.71%BF) were narrower than those reported for other body-composition techniques used in infants. Individual differences between the 2 methods were not a function of body mass or fatness.
Conclusion: ADP is a reliable and accurate instrument for determining %BF in infants, and it has the potential for use in both research and clinical settings.
Key Words: Body composition • percentage body fat • infants • air-displacement plethysmography • deuterium dilution • total body water
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