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ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (LMB, SSL, SVML, A-MM, CMW, and JAL), and the School of Health Related Professions, The University of Alabama at Birmingham (BAG).
Background: Indian Asians in Western countries have a higher rate of coronary artery disease than do the indigenous white populations, and this higher rate may be influenced by a dietary imbalance of n–6 and n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).
Objective: The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that a high background dietary intake of n–6 PUFA attenuates the effects of fish-oil supplementation on insulin sensitivity and associated blood lipids of the metabolic syndrome.
Design: Twenty-nine Indian Asian men were recruited to participate in a 12-wk dietary intervention trial. Volunteers were randomly assigned to receive either a moderate or a high n–6 PUFA diet featuring modified oils and spreads over a 6-wk period. After this 6-wk period, both groups were supplemented with 4.0 g fish oil/d (2.5 g eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid) for an additional 6 wk in combination with the dietary treatment. Volunteers participated in a postprandial study and an insulin sensitivity test after the 6-wk dietary intervention and again after the fish-oil supplementation period.
Results: There was no significant time x treatment interaction for blood lipids or insulin action after dietary intervention with the moderate or high n–6 PUFA diets in combination with fish oil. After the 6-wk period of fish oil supplementation, fasting and postprandial plasma triacylglycerol concentrations decreased significantly.
Conclusion: The background dietary n–6 PUFA concentration did not modulate the effect of fish-oil supplementation on blood lipids or measures of insulin sensitivity in this ethnic group.
Key Words: Fish oil • Indian Asians • insulin sensitivity • blood lipids • n–6 PUFAs • n–3 PUFAs • coronary artery disease • triacylglycerol
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