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Effect of habitual dietary calcium intake on calcium supplementation in 12–14-y-old girls^1,2,3

¹ From the Department of Human Nutrition and Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark (CM and KFM), and the Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (now the Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society) (BLT)

Background: There is no agreement on how much calcium young girls need for optimal bone mineralization.

Objective: We evaluated whether the effect of calcium supplementation on whole-body bone mineral accretion depends on habitual calcium intake.

Design: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 1-y calcium intervention study of girls aged 12–14 y selected from a larger group according to habitual calcium intake: subgroup A (n = 60) habitually consumed 1000–1307 mg/d (40th–60th percentile), and subgroup B (n = 53) habitually consumed <713 mg/d (<20th percentile). The girls from each subgroup were randomly assigned to receive either 500 mg Ca/d or placebo. Whole-body bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA), bone mineral density (BMD), and BMC adjusted for BA, height, and weight (size-adjusted BMC) were measured at baseline and after 1 y.

Results: There was no significant effect modification of baseline habitual calcium intake on the relation between calcium supplementation and height, weight, BMC, size-adjusted BMC, BA, BMD, or alkaline phosphatase. Calcium supplementation had an effect on BMD (0.8%; P = 0.049) and tended to show signs of an effect on size-adjusted BMC (0.5%; P = 0.08).

Conclusion: A modest effect of calcium supplementation on BMD was shown. However, the effect was independent of habitual calcium intake.

Key Words: Young girls • bone mineral content • calcium intervention • habitual calcium intake

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