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Butter and walnuts, but not olive oil, elicit postprandial activation of nuclear transcription factor B in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy men^1,2,3

¹ From the Lipids and Arteriosclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain (CB, JL-M, PP-M, CM, PG, FF, and FP-J); the Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid (LMB-C, JLM-V, and JE); and Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain (FJM)

Background:Nuclear transcription factor B (NF-B) plays an important role in atherosclerosis by modulating gene expression. Postprandial lipemia has been correlated with an increase in NF-B activation in vascular cells and it is associated with an increase in postprandial triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins, which are involved in the development of atherosclerotic plaque.

Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the intakes of 3 different foods with different fat compositions on the postprandial activation of monocyte NF-B.

Design:Eight healthy men followed a 4-wk baseline diet and then consumed 3 fat-load meals consisting of 1 g fat/kg body wt (65% fat) according to a randomized crossover design. Each meal had a different fatty acid composition, and the consumption of each meal was separated by 1 wk. The compositions of the 3 test meals were as follows: olive oil meal [22% saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 38% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), 4% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and 0.7% -linolenic acid], butter meal (38% SFAs, 22% MUFAs, 4% PUFAs, and 0.7% -linolenic acid), and walnut meal (20% SFAs, 24% MUFAs, 16% PUFAs, and 4% -linolenic acid).

Results:Ingestion of the olive oil meal did not elicit NF-B activation compared with ingestion of either the butter meal at 3 h (P < 0.05) or the walnut meal at 9 h (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the postprandial triacylglycerol response between the 3 meals.

Conclusions:Consumption of an olive oil–enriched meal does not activate NF-B in monocytes as do butter and walnut-enriched meals. This effect could enhance the cardioprotective effect of olive oil–enriched diets.

Key Words: Diet • blood cells • nuclear transcription factor • NF-B • butter • walnuts • olive oil • postprandial lipemia

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