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ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the Endocrine Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: Although dietary guidelines recommend increased intake of grain products to prevent chronic diseases, no epidemiologic data associate whole-grain intake with hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relation between whole-grain intakes and the prevalence of HW phenotype in adults in Tehran, Iran.
Design: Whole-grain intake, serum triacylglycerol concentration, and waist circumference (WC) were assessed in a population-based, cross-sectional study of 827 Iranian subjects (357 men and 470 women) aged 18–74 y. HW phenotype was defined as serum triacylglycerol concentrations 
150 mg/dL and concurrent WC 80 cm (men) and 79 cm (women).
Results: Mean (±SD) consumption of whole and refined grains was 93 ± 29 and 201 ± 57 g/d, respectively. Subjects in the highest quartile of whole-grain intake had a significantly lower prevalence of HW (29%) than did those in the lowest quartile (44%; P < 0.05). Conversely, those in the highest quartile of refined-grain intake had a significantly higher prevalence of HW (45%) than did those in the lowest quartile (27%; P < 0.05). After control for potential confounding factors, a significantly decreasing trend was observed for the risk of HW phenotype across quartiles of whole-grain intake (odds ratios among quartiles: 1.00, 0.95, 0.90, and 0.78, respectively; P for trend = 0.02). Higher consumption of refined grains was associated with better odds of HW phenotype (by quartile: 1.00, 1.38, 1.65, and 2.1; P for trend = 0.01).
Conclusion: Whole-grain intake is inversely and refined-grain intake is positively associated with the risk of HW.
Key Words: Whole grain • refined grain • waist circumference • serum triacylglycerol concentration • metabolic syndrome • cardiovascular risk factors
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