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ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the Departments of Foods and Nutrition (CWG, PAL, MSE, and DT), Health and Kinesiology (RML), and Statistics (GPM), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, and the Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN (MP).
Background: Previous results suggested that increased intake of dairy calcium is associated with reduced weight and fat mass.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-term increases in consumption of dairy calcium alter body weight and fat mass in young, healthy women.
Design: We used a randomized, 1-y intervention for dairy calcium. Subjects were 155 young (aged 18–30 y), healthy, normal-weight women with intake of dietary calcium < 800 mg/d and energy intake 
2200 kcal/d. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: 1) control: continue established dietary intake; 2) medium dairy: substitute dairy products to achieve intake of calcium of 
1000–1100 mg/d and maintain isocaloric intake; 3) high dairy: substitute dairy products to achieve intake of calcium of 1300–1400 mg/d and maintain isocaloric intake. The main outcome measures were 1-y changes in body weight (in kg) and fat mass (in kg). One hundred thirty-five women completed the trial.
Results: Mean intakes of calcium during the intervention were 742.4 ± 321.5, 1026.4 ± 311.3, and 1131.29 ± 337.2 mg/d for the control, medium-dairy, and high-dairy groups, respectively (P < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in the mean 1-y change in body weight between the control, medium-dairy, and high-dairy groups (0.8 ± 2.8, 0.7 ± 3.0, and 1.5 ± 4.1 kg, respectively; P = 0.45). No significant differences were observed in the mean 1-y change in fat mass between the control, medium-dairy, and high-dairy groups (–0.5 ± 2.5, 0.3 ± 2.7, and 0.5 ± 3.5 kg, respectively; P = 0.26).
Conclusion: Increased intake of dairy products does not alter body weight or fat mass in young, healthy women over 1 y.
Key Words: Body weight • fat mass • dairy • calcium • intervention
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