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Cholesterol-lowering effects of bovine serum immunoglobulin in participants with mild hypercholesterolemia^1,2,3

¹ From the Center for Human Performance and Nutrition Research, The Cooper Institute Centers for Integrated Health Research, Dallas, TX (CPE, ANJ, and TSC), Brinker International, Dallas, TX (MS), and Proliant, Inc, Ankeny, IA (EW)

Background: The consumption of milk products has been shown to lower cholesterol. The mechanism of action surrounding this observation has been attributed to the protein fraction of milk and serum.

Objective: We examined the effect of an oral serum bovine immunoglobulin protein fraction (bIg) derived from US Department of Agriculture–approved beef (aged <30 mo) on lipid indexes in humans.

Design: Participants included men and women (aged 25–70 y) with hypercholesterolemia (5.44–6.99 mmol/L) who were not receiving cholesterol-lowering medication. Treatment consisted of the randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled administration of 5 g bIg for 6 wk in 52 participants (n = 26 each in treatment and control groups).

Results: Mean (±SD) total cholesterol (TC) at baseline was 6.33 ± 0.1 mmol/L for bIg and 6.16 ± 0.1 mmol/L for placebo. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of covariance covaried for change in total energy and alcohol intake and Tukey’s post hoc examination of our data showed that the bIg-treated group had a significant reduction in TC at 3 wk (5.98 ± 0.5 mmol/L; P < 0.05) and 6 wk (5.97 ± 0.7 mmol/L; P < 0.05). The concentration at 6 wk was significantly different from that in the placebo group (P < 0.05). This reduction was largely due to a decrease in LDL cholesterol in the bIg-treated group from baseline (4.12 ± 0.6 mmol/L) at 3 wk (3.92 ± 0.7 mmol/L, P < 0.05) and at 6 wk (3.84 ± 0.6 mmol/L, P < 0.05); the 6-wk concentration differed significantly between the treatment and placebo groups (P < 0.05). We observed no significant changes in the placebo group or in any other lipid indexes or markers associated with hepatorenal or cardiovascular function.

Conclusion: Consumption of bIg appears to positively modulate the primary lipid indexes associated with cardiovascular disease.

Key Words: Cholesterol • cardiovascular disease • LDL • lipids • bovine serum immunoglobulin • bIg