| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION |
1 From the Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden (ID, KL, EAN, IA, and PA); the Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (KL); the Department of Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Stockholm, Sweden (JL); and the Institute of Preventive Medicine, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (CV and TIAS)
Background: The effect of energy restriction and macronutrient composition on gene expression in adipose tissue is not well defined.
Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different low-energy diets on gene expression in human adipose tissue.
Design: Forty obese women were randomly assigned to a moderate-fat, moderate-carbohydrate diet or a low-fat, high-carbohydrate hypoenergetic (–600 kcal/d) diet for 10 wk. Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained before and after the diet period. High-quality RNA samples were obtained from 23 women at both time points, and these samples were hybridized to microarrays containing the 8500 most extensively described human genes. The results were confirmed by separate messenger RNA measurements.
Results: Both diets resulted in weight losses of 
7.5% of baseline body weight. A total of 52 genes were significantly up-regulated and 44 were down-regulated as a result of the intervention, and no diet-specific effect was observed. No major effect on lipid-specific transcription factors or genes regulating signal transduction, lipolysis, or synthesis of acylglycerols was observed. Most changes were modest (<25% of baseline), but all genes regulating the formation of polyunsaturated fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA were markedly down-regulated (35–60% decrease).
Conclusions: Macronutrients have a secondary role in changes in adipocyte gene expression after energy-restricted diets. The most striking alteration after energy restriction is a coordinated reduction in the expression of genes regulating the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Key Words: Adipose tissue • mRNA • gene • hypoenergetic diet • macronutrient • obesity
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. Ornish, M. J. M. Magbanua, G. Weidner, V. Weinberg, C. Kemp, C. Green, M. D. Mattie, R. Marlin, J. Simko, K. Shinohara, et al. Changes in prostate gene expression in men undergoing an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention PNAS, June 17, 2008; 105(24): 8369 - 8374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Lundholm, M. Putnik, M. Otsuki, S. Andersson, C. Ohlsson, J.-A. Gustafsson, and K. Dahlman-Wright Effects of estrogen on gene expression profiles in mouse hypothalamus and white adipose tissue: target genes include glutathione peroxidase 3 and cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor, {alpha}-subunit-like effector A J. Endocrinol., March 1, 2008; 196(3): 547 - 557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Li, L. Da, H. Tang, T. Li, and M. Zhao CpG methylation plays a vital role in determining tissue- and cell-specific expression of the human cell-death-inducing DFF45-like effector A gene through the regulation of Sp1/Sp3 binding Nucleic Acids Res., January 17, 2008; 36(1): 330 - 341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Gummesson, M. Jernas, P.-A. Svensson, I. Larsson, C. A. M. Glad, E. Schele, L. Gripeteg, K. Sjoholm, T. C. Lystig, L. Sjostrom, et al. Relations of Adipose Tissue CIDEA Gene Expression to Basal Metabolic Rate, Energy Restriction, and Obesity: Population-Based and Dietary Intervention Studies J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2007; 92(12): 4759 - 4765. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. M Mangravite, K. Dawson, R. R Davis, J. P Gregg, and R. M Krauss Fatty acid desaturase regulation in adipose tissue by dietary composition is independent of weight loss and is correlated with the plasma triacylglycerol response Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2007; 86(3): 759 - 767. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L Salsberg and D. S Ludwig Putting your genes on a diet: the molecular effects of carbohydrate Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2007; 85(5): 1169 - 1170. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Kallio, M. Kolehmainen, D. E Laaksonen, J. Kekalainen, T. Salopuro, K. Sivenius, L. Pulkkinen, H. M Mykkanen, L. Niskanen, M. Uusitupa, et al. Dietary carbohydrate modification induces alterations in gene expression in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in persons with the metabolic syndrome: the FUNGENUT Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2007; 85(5): 1417 - 1427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Dahlman, M. Kaaman, H. Jiao, J. Kere, M. Laakso, and P. Arner The CIDEA Gene V115F Polymorphism Is Associated With Obesity in Swedish Subjects Diabetes, October 1, 2005; 54(10): 3032 - 3034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
