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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 83, No. 3, 624-631, March 2006
© 2006 American Society for Nutrition

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

Olestra is associated with slight reductions in serum carotenoids but does not markedly influence serum fat-soluble vitamin concentrations1,2,4

Marian L Neuhouser, Cheryl L Rock, Alan R Kristal, Ruth E Patterson, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer, Lawrence J Cheskin and Mark D Thornquist

1 From the Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (MLN, ARK, REP, and MDT); the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA (CLR); the School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (ARK and MDT); the Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (DN-S); and the Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (LJC)

Background: The 1996 Food and Drug Administration approval of the fat substitute olestra (sucrose polyester) called for active postmarketing surveillance because preapproval studies showed that olestra may lower circulating concentrations of fat-soluble nutrients such as vitamins and carotenoids.

Objective: The objective of the Olestra Post-Marketing Surveillance Study was to examine whether customary consumption of olestra-containing savory snacks was associated with changes in serum fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid concentrations among free-living persons in geographically and ethnically distinct US cities.

Design: Adults (n = 2535) and their children aged 12–17 y (n = 272) in Baltimore, Minneapolis, and San Diego attended clinic visits during which data were collected on diet, savory snack consumption, lifestyle, and anthropometric indexes. Blood samples were drawn to assay carotenoids and vitamins A, D, E, and K. Data and blood samples were collected both before and after the nationwide introduction of olestra. General estimating equations were used in multivariate-adjusted models that examined olestra’s association with the specified serum nutrients.

Results: Compared with no intake, the top 2 tertiles of olestra use in adults were associated with circulating carotenoid concentrations that were modestly but significantly lower (4.3% to 22.4%). There were no significant associations of olestra with any serum nutrients among adolescents.

Conclusions: This active postmarketing surveillance study of a food additive suggests that small decreases in serum fat-soluble nutrients are attributable to olestra use. Although health outcomes were not measured here, it is unlikely that these small changes in nutrient measures would adversely affect health.

Key Words: Olestra • sucrose polyester • carotenoids • vitamin A • vitamin E • vitamin D • vitamin K • postmarketing surveillance






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