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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 84, No. 3, 561-569, September 2006
© 2006 American Society for Nutrition

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

Effects of tomato extract on platelet function: a double-blinded crossover study in healthy humans 1,3

Niamh O'Kennedy, Lynn Crosbie, Stuart Whelan, Vanessa Luther, Graham Horgan, John I Broom, David J Webb and Asim K Duttaroy

1 From Provexis plc, Manchester, United Kingdom (NO, LC, and SW); Rowett Research Services, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (VL); Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (GH); the School of Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom/NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (JIB); the Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (DJW); and the Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (AKD)

Background: Aqueous extracts from tomatoes display a range of antiplatelet activities in vitro. We previously showed that the active components also alter ex vivo platelet function in persons with a high response to ADP agonist.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the suitability of a tomato extract for use as a dietary supplement to prevent platelet activation.

Design: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted in 90 healthy human subjects selected for normal platelet function. Changes from baseline hemostatic function were measured 3 h after consumption of extract-enriched or control supplements.

Results: Significant reductions in ex vivo platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen were observed 3 h after supplementation with doses of tomato extract equivalent to 6 (6TE) and 2 (2TE) tomatoes [3 µmol ADP/L: 6TE (high dose), –21.3%; 2TE (low dose), –12.7%; P < 0.001; 7.5 µmol ADP/L: 6TE, –7.8%, 2TE, –7.6%; P < 0.001; 3 mg collagen/L: 6TE, –17.5%; 2TE, –14.6%; P = 0.007]. No significant effects were observed for control supplements. A dose response to tomato extract was found at low levels of platelet stimulation. Inhibition of platelet function was greatest in a subgroup with the highest plasma homocysteine (P < 0.05) and C-reactive protein concentrations (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: As a functional food or dietary supplement, tomato extract may have a role in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease by reducing platelet activation, which could contribute to a reduction in thrombotic events.

Key Words: Tomato • platelet • natural antiplatelet agents • thrombosis • cardiovascular disease




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