AJCN EB Program 2010
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Park, M. I.
Right arrow Articles by Zinsmeister, A. R
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Park, M. I.
Right arrow Articles by Zinsmeister, A. R
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Park, M. I.
Right arrow Articles by Zinsmeister, A. R
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 85, No. 2, 411-418, February 2007
© 2007 American Society for Nutrition

ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

Effect of different macronutrients in excess on gastric sensory and motor functions and appetite in normal-weight, overweight, and obese humans 1,2,3

Moo In Park, Michael Camilleri, Helen O'Connor, LaVonne Oenning, Duane Burton, Debra Stephens and Alan R Zinsmeister

1 From the Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research Group (MIP, MC, HO, LO, DB, and DS), and the Division of Biostatistics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN (ARZ)

Background: The effects of supplementation with different macronutrients on gastric sensory and motor functions are unclear.

Objective: We aimed to compare the effects of 2 wk of supplementation with different classes of macronutrients on gastric function, satiation, and appetite in healthy and overweight subjects.

Design: In a parallel-group, double-blind study, 52 (14 men, 38 women) healthy normal-weight, overweight, and obese participants [body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2): 19.4–47.0] aged 18–64 y were randomly assigned to consume different isocaloric diets (n = 13 per diet group) adjusted for BMI and activity level. The standard diet provided 20% of energy as protein, 30% as fat, and 50% as carbohydrate. The high-protein, high-fat, and high-carbohydrate diets contained 500 additional kcal in each nutrient class. On 3 separate days, we measured gastric emptying of solids, gastric volumes, postprandial symptoms, appetite, and food choice with validated methods. Age, sex, BMI, and baseline satiation were covariates in the analysis of covariance.

Results: Fat supplementation was associated with increased maximum tolerated volume (MTV) in subjects with a high baseline MTV (P < 0.05), irrespective of BMI. Gastric emptying and volumes, postprandial symptoms, total calories, and food choices at an ad libitum meal were not significantly different after each dietary preload. Fasting gastric volumes tended to be higher with the high-fat than with the high-carbohydrate or high-protein diets (P ≤ 0.1). Gastric emptying and volumes and satiation were not significantly different between the BMI categories (< and >30).

Conclusion: Supplementation with 500 kcal fat in excess of required calories for 2 wk increased food tolerance in healthy normal-weight and obese subjects with a high baseline MTV without significantly changing gastric motor functions.

Key Words: Gastric emptying • volume • satiation • appetite • satiety • stomach • macronutrients • obesity






HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 2007 by The American Society for Nutrition