HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Shah, M. Articles by Garg, A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Shah, M. Articles by Garg, A. Agricola Articles by Shah, M. Articles by Garg, A.

Effect of high-carbohydrate or high-cis-monounsaturated fat diets on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of intervention trials^1,2,3

¹ From the Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (MS and AG), the Department of Internal Medicine (BAH and AG), and the Center for Human Nutrition (MS and AG), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, and the Department of Kinesiology (MS), Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX

Background: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended to manage blood pressure. The DASH diet is low in saturated fat, but it is not clear whether saturated fat should be preferentially replaced with carbohydrate or unsaturated fat, especially cis-monounsaturated fat.

Objective: A meta-analysis of intervention studies comparing high-carbohydrate and high-cis-monounsaturated fat diets was conducted to increase understanding of the effect of carbohydrate and cis-monounsaturated fat on blood pressure.

Design: For study diets to be included in the analysis, they had to be isoenergetic, and the subjects’ body weight had to remain stable. Ten studies (6 randomized crossover, 1 randomized parallel, and 3 nonrandomized) met the inclusion criteria.

Results: According to the random-effects model, which incorporates between-study variation to estimate the overall effect, diets rich in carbohydrate resulted in significantly higher systolic blood pressure [ difference: 2.6 (95% CI: 0.4, 4.7) mm Hg; P = 0.02] and diastolic blood pressure [1.8 (0.01, 3.6) mm Hg; P = 0.05] than did diets rich in cis-monounsaturated fat. When the meta-analysis was limited to randomized crossover studies, both systolic [1.3 (–0.3, 2.9) mm Hg; P = 0.11] and diastolic [0.9 (–0.2, 2.1) mm Hg; P = 0.11] blood pressure were higher with a high-carbohydrate than with a high cis-monounsaturated fat diet, but the differences were not significant.

Conclusions: Diets rich in carbohydrate may be associated with slightly higher blood pressure than diets rich in cis-monounsaturated fat. However, the magnitude of the difference may not justify making recommendations to alter the carbohydrate and cis-monounsaturated fat content of the diet to manage blood pressure.

Key Words: High-carbohydrate diet • high-cis-monounsaturated fat diet • high-cis-MUFA diet • blood pressure • meta-analysis • hypertension

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. P Lee, T. A Mori, I. B Puddey, S. Sipsas, T. R Ackland, L. J Beilin, and J. M Hodgson Effects of lupin kernel flour-enriched bread on blood pressure: a controlled intervention study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2009; 89(3): 766 - 772. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Mutungi, J. Ratliff, M. Puglisi, M. Torres-Gonzalez, U. Vaishnav, J. O. Leite, E. Quann, J. S. Volek, and M. L. Fernandez Dietary Cholesterol from Eggs Increases Plasma HDL Cholesterol in Overweight Men Consuming a Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet J. Nutr., February 1, 2008; 138(2): 272 - 276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]